Attentional difficulties are a core axis in attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, establishing a consistent and detailed pattern of these neurocognitive alterations has not been an easy endeavour. Based on a dimensional approach to ADHD, the present study aims at comprehensively characterizing three key attentional domains: the three attentional networks (alerting, orienting, and executive attention), two components of vigilance (executive and arousal vigilance), and distraction. To do so, we modified a single, fine-grained task (the ANTI-Vea) by adding irrelevant distractors. One hundred and twenty undergraduates completed three self-reports of ADHD symptoms in childhood and adulthood and performed the ANTI-Vea. Despite the low reliability of some ANTI-Vea indexes, the task worked successfully. While ADHD symptoms in childhood were related to alerting network and arousal vigilance, symptoms in adulthood were linked to executive vigilance. No association between ADHD symptom severity and executive attention and distraction was found. In general, our hypotheses about the relationships between ADHD symptoms and attentional processes were partially supported. We discuss our findings according to ADHD theories and attention measurement.

中文翻译：

---

成人社区样本中注意力网络、警惕性和分心作为注意力缺陷/多动障碍症状的函数

注意困难是注意力缺陷/多动障碍 (ADHD) 的核心轴。然而，建立这些神经认知改变的一致和详细模式并非易事。基于多动症的维度方法，本研究旨在全面描述三个关键的注意力领域：三个注意力网络（警觉、定向和执行注意力）、警惕的两个组成部分（执行和唤醒警惕）和分心。为此，我们通过添加不相关的干扰项来修改单个细粒度任务（ANTI-Vea）。120 名本科生完成了三份儿童期和成年期 ADHD 症状的自我报告，并进行了 ANTI-Vea。尽管某些 ANTI-Vea 索引的可靠性较低，但该任务成功运行。虽然儿童时期的 ADHD 症状与警觉网络和唤醒警惕性有关，但成年期的症状与执行警觉性有关。没有发现 ADHD 症状严重程度与执行注意力和注意力分散之间的关联。总的来说，我们关于 ADHD 症状与注意力过程之间关系的假设得到了部分支持。我们根据 ADHD 理论和注意力测量来讨论我们的发现。