Introduction: Although the strategic framework of the European Union in the field of Health and Safety at Work 2014-2020 considers as one of its main challenges to improve the prevention of diseases related to NERs (New and Emerging Risks) (European Commission, 2014) there are still not many studies in the literature related to them. Method: An exploratory study was carried out in order to get a picture of the NERs management in the UE-28 countries. The sample was extracted from the ESENER-2 datasets. ESENER-1 was carried out in 2009 and ESENER- 2 in 2014. This survey explores managers’ and workers representatives’ opinions on health and safety management. It surveyed over 49,000 enterprises in 36 countries. Results: The results obtained confirm that there are significant differences between the EU-28 countries in terms of the identification and the management of NERs. Conclusions NERs are becoming an increasingly studied phenomenon due to the changes that are taking place in the labour market: the percentage of temporary workers is increasing, the demands to the workers due to the globalization of the market are more complex and all this with an aging working force. Pratical A pplications It would be necessary to rethink the management of OHS, so that managers are aware that the combination of musculoskeletal and psychosocial risks should have a global approach in order to reduce accident and disability rates.

简介：尽管欧盟在 2014-2020 年工作健康与安全领域的战略框架将改善与 NERs（新的和新兴风险）相关的疾病的预防视为其主要挑战之一（欧盟委员会，2014 年）与它们相关的文献研究仍然不多。方法：进行了一项探索性研究，以了解 UE-28 国家/地区的 NER 管理情况。样本是从 ESENER-2 数据集中提取的。ESENER-1 于 2009 年开展，ESENER-2 于 2014 年开展。该调查探讨了经理和工人代表对健康和安全管理的看法。它调查了 36 个国家的 49,000 多家企业。结果：所得结果证实，欧盟 28 国在 NER 的识别和管理方面存在显着差异。结论 由于劳动力市场正在发生的变化，NERs 正成为一种越来越受到研究的现象：临时工的比例正在增加，由于市场全球化对工人的需求更加复杂，所有这些都随着老龄化劳动力。实际应用 有必要重新考虑 OHS 的管理，以便管理人员意识到肌肉骨骼和社会心理风险的组合应该采用全球方法，以降低事故和残疾率。