The biomass-based carbon nanofibers (CNFs) have been regarded as promising electrode materials for supercapacitors. However, the preparation of biomass-based hierarchically porous CNFs by electrospinning without any chemical and physical activation is still challenging, especially when using the whole components of lignocellulose. Herein, a feasible way to synthesize a hierarchically porous CNF by electrospinning of the blends of acetylated sugarcane bagasse (ASCB) and polyacrylonitrile (PAN) followed by carbonization is proposed. Degradation of ASCB during carbonization induced multiscale defects that led to the formation of hierarchical pores and introduced flexibility for the CNFs. The specific capacitance and areal capacitance of CNFs respectively were 289.5 F g⁻¹ and 64.2 μF cm⁻². The flexible all-solid-state symmetric supercapacitor (ASSC) derived from the CNFs showed high power density (1.26 kW kg⁻¹) and energy density (56.0 W h kg⁻¹), as well as high capacitance retention and great cycling stability. This synthetic strategy provides a practicable way to utilize the whole components of lignocellulosic biomass and explore its application on high-performance flexible electrode materials.

基于生物质的碳纳米纤维（CNFs）被认为是超级电容器的有前途的电极材料。然而，在没有任何化学和物理活化的情况下通过静电纺丝制备基于生物质的分层多孔 CNF 仍然具有挑战性，尤其是在使用木质纤维素的全部成分时。在此，提出了一种通过静电纺丝乙酰化甘蔗渣 (ASCB) 和聚丙烯腈 (PAN) 的混合物然后碳化来合成分级多孔 CNF 的可行方法。碳化过程中 ASCB 的降解引起多尺度缺陷，导致分层孔隙的形成并为 CNF 引入了灵活性。CNFs的比电容和面积电容分别为289.5 F g ^-1和64.2 μF cm ^-2. 源自 CNF 的柔性全固态对称超级电容器 (ASSC) 显示出高功率密度 (1.26 kW kg ^-1 ) 和能量密度 (56.0 W h kg ^-1 )，以及高电容保持率和良好的循环稳定性。这种合成策略为利用木质纤维素生物质的整个成分并探索其在高性能柔性电极材料上的应用提供了一种可行的方法。