Increasing concern about environmental issues has heightened the need for the effective enforcement of environmental regulations and for research supporting these efforts. This study incorporates intersectoral analysis and examines regulatory voids. The aim is to analyse whether regulatory voids exist and how they affect the enforcement efforts related to the prevention, supervision and detection of illicit waste activities and, furthermore, waste crime in Finland. The Delphi method is used to analyse different aspects of regulatory voids in enforcement and crime prevention. The three-round Delphi comprised a panel of 74 participants from different sectors and had a significantly high response rate: 91 percent in the first round, 82 percent in the second and 80 percent in the third, respectively. Not only do the findings indicate that political, institutional and knowledge-regulatory voids exist, the study also suggests that the knowledge void should be further divided into informational and professional void – and, as such, there are actually four regulatory voids to be found that should be analysed. Findings also suggest that there is lack of consensus on regulatory enforcement, severe challenges in the flow of information and insufficient resources, which together form a contradictory regulatory regime based on trust between regulators and regulatees, on the one hand, and underlying assumptions of foul play, on the other. The study concludes that enforcement authorities walk a regulatory tightrope between compliance with and punishment of regulatory strategies, trying during the course of their work to avoid falling into the regulatory voids.

对环境问题的日益关注提高了有效执行环境法规和支持这些努力的研究的必要性。这项研究结合了跨部门分析并检查了监管空白。目的是分析监管空白是否存在，以及它们如何影响与预防、监督和检测非法废物活动以及芬兰废物犯罪相关的执法工作。Delphi 方法用于分析执法和犯罪预防中监管空白的不同方面。三轮德尔福由来自不同行业的 74 名参与者组成，响应率非常高：第一轮分别为 91%，第二轮为 82%，第三轮为 80%。调查结果不仅表明政治、制度和知识监管空白存在，研究还建议知识空白应进一步分为信息空白和专业空白——因此，实际上有四个监管空白需要分析。调查结果还表明，监管执法缺乏共识、信息流动面临严峻挑战和资源不足，这些共同形成了一个基于监管者与受监管者之间信任的矛盾监管体制，以及潜在的违规假设， 在另一。该研究得出的结论是，执法机关在遵守和惩罚监管策略之间走钢丝，在其工作过程中试图避免陷入监管空白。