Objective

To determine the effectiveness of a web-based, direct-to-user transfer training program in improving transfer quality and maintaining improvements for up to 1 month after training as compared with a control group.

Design

Randomized controlled trial with participants randomized to an immediate intervention group (IIG) or waitlist control group (WLCG) that received the training after a 6-month delay.

Setting

Wherever the participants accessed the web-based training, likely the home environment.

Participants

Convenience sample of full-time wheelchair users (N=72; IIG, n=34; WLCG, n=38 for between-group analysis, n=48 for combined within-group analysis) with spinal cord injury or disorder who were able to independently perform a lateral scoot transfer.

Interventions

Self-paced, web-based transfer training module.

Main Outcome Measures

Transfer Assessment Instrument Questionnaire (TAI-Q) score at baseline, 1 month, and 6 months postbaseline (WLCG only), immediately posttraining, and 1 month posttraining. The TAI-Q is an 18-item self-assessment that covers several aspects of a quality transfer.

Results

The IIG significantly increased particpants’ baseline TAI-Q score from 6.91±0.98 to 7.79±1.12 (P<.001) by 1 month posttraining. The WLCG also increased from baseline to the 1-month postbaseline assessment (from 6.52±1.13 to 7.00±1.09; P=.014), potentially from learning effects secondary to self-assessment with the TAI-Q. The extent of change over time did not differ significantly between the IIG and WLCG from baseline to 1 month (P=.169). However, significant improvements in TAI-Q scores were still evident after the training for the WLCG (P<.001). Those with a lower pretraining TAI-Q score and more shoulder pain were most likely to benefit from the training.

Conclusions

Repeated TAI-Q self-assessments likely contributed to improved transfer quality, with web-based training having an additive effect. Wheelchair users are likely to benefit from transfer training and self-assessment of transfer quality in their home environments. This has the potential to decrease injury risk while avoiding barriers to in-person training.

中文翻译：

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基于 Web 的直接面向用户传输培训计划的有效性：一项随机对照试验

客观的

与对照组相比，确定基于网络的直接面向用户的迁移培训计划在提高迁移质量和在培训后长达 1 个月内保持改进方面的有效性。

设计

随机对照试验，参与者随机分配到立即干预组 (IIG) 或等候名单对照组 (WLCG)，在延迟 6 个月后接受培训。

环境

无论参与者在哪里访问基于网络的培训，都可能是家庭环境。

参加者

全职轮椅使用者的便利样本（N=72；IIG，n=34；WLCG，组间分析 n=38，组合组内分析 n=48）患有脊髓损伤或疾病，并且能够独立执行横向踏板转移。

干预措施

自定进度的基于 Web 的迁移培训模块。

主要观察指标

基线、基线后 1 个月和 6 个月（仅限 WLCG）、培训后立即和培训后 1 个月的转移评估工具问卷 (TAI-Q) 得分。TAI-Q 是一个包含 18 个项目的自我评估，涵盖了质量转移的几个方面。

结果

训练后 1 个月，IIG 将参与者的基线 TAI-Q 分数从 6.91±0.98 显着提高到 7.79±1.12 ( P <.001)。WLCG 也从基线增加到基线后 1 个月的评估（从 6.52±1.13 到 7.00±1.09；P =.014），这可能是由于学习效果继发于使用 TAI-Q 进行自我评估。从基线到 1 个月，IIG 和 WLCG 随时间变化的程度没有显着差异（P =.169）。然而，在 WLCG 训练后，TAI-Q 分数的显着改善仍然很明显 ( P <.001)。那些训练前 TAI-Q 得分较低且肩痛较多的人最有可能从训练中受益。

结论

重复的 TAI-Q 自我评估可能有助于提高传输质​​量，基于网络的培训具有附加效果。轮椅使用者可能会受益于他们家庭环境中的转移培训和转移质量自我评估。这有可能降低受伤风险，同时避免面对面培训的障碍。