A highly sensitive optical fiber temperature sensor with a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)- coated tapered dispersion compensation fiber (DCF) structure is proposed, the structure consists of single mode fiber (SMF)- tapered dispersion compensation-single mode fiber (STDS). The sensing principle is based on the interference between DCF and SMF due to a large core diameter mismatch. The interference of this composite structure is easily affected by the surrounding refractive index (SRI), which ultimately results in a change in the interference dip of the transmission spectrum. Thermosensitive PDMS is covers the tapered dispersion compensation region, which can increase the sensitivity of the temperature sensor, protect the microstructure, and improve the reliability of the structure in practical application. Experiment temperature results verified that the maximum temperature sensitivity of the sensor was 0.22 nm/°C in a range of 20 °C–100 °C, with good repeatability in this range. Compared with the original fiber sensors and PDMS-coated fibers, the temperature sensitivity increased by 5.2 times and 2.24 times, respectively. This sensor can be realistically applied to biochemical sensing and industrial structural health detection fields due to its compact structure, high sensitivity, and simple processing.

提出了一种具有聚二甲基硅氧烷（PDMS）涂层锥形色散补偿光纤（DCF）结构的高灵敏度光纤温度传感器，该结构由单模光纤（SMF）-锥形色散补偿-单模光纤（STDS）组成。传感原理基于大芯径失配导致 DCF 和 SMF 之间的干扰。这种复合结构的干涉很容易受到周围折射率（SRI）的影响，最终导致透射光谱的干涉倾角发生变化。热敏PDMS覆盖锥形色散补偿区，可以提高温度传感器的灵敏度，保护微结构，提高结构在实际应用中的可靠性。实验温度结果验证了传感器在20°C-100°C范围内的最大温度灵敏度为0.22 nm/°C，在该范围内具有良好的重复性。与原始光纤传感器和PDMS涂层光纤相比，温度灵敏度分别提高了5.2倍和2.24倍。该传感器结构紧凑、灵敏度高、加工简单，可实际应用于生化传感和工业结构健康检测领域。