Movement is a widespread behavior across organisms and is driven in part by interspecific interactions. Generally, negative interspecific interactions (such as competition and natural enemies) are more often studied in the context of movement than positive interactions (mutualism). Mutualistic relationships are incredibly common, yet only a subset are studied in the context of movement (transportation mutualisms). Overall, the costs and benefits that an individual experiences are shaped both by their movement behavior and their mutualistic relationships, as well as the intersection between these. Here we argue that the intersection between movement behavior and mutualistic relationships is understudied, and we present a conceptual framework to synthesize the links between movement and mutualisms and give examples of species that exhibit each. Our framework serves both to highlight the ways that mutualism can shape movement (and vice versa) and to draw parallels across different organisms (enabling a more abstract perspective of these biological systems, complementing the system-focused perspective). Finally, we show how considering movement in light of mutualisms (and vice versa) presents a number of new research questions to be answered by each empirical and theoretical approach going forward.

中文翻译：

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让我们一起出发：运动与共生之间的交叉框架

运动是跨生物体的普遍行为，部分是由种间相互作用驱动的。一般来说，消极的种间相互作用（例如竞争和天敌）比积极的相互作用（互惠主义）更常在运动的背景下进行研究。互惠关系非常普遍，但在运动（交通互惠）的背景下只研究了一个子集。总体而言，个人体验的成本和收益取决于他们的运动行为和互惠关系，以及它们之间的交集。在这里，我们认为运动行为和互惠关系之间的交叉点没有得到充分研究，我们提出了一个概念框架来综合运动和互惠关系之间的联系，并给出展示每个物种的例子。我们的框架既突出了互惠主义可以塑造运动的方式（反之亦然），也有助于在不同的生物体之间建立相似之处（使这些生物系统能够获得更抽象的视角，补充以系统为中心的视角）。最后，我们展示了如何根据互惠互利（反之亦然）考虑运动提出了许多新的研究问题，这些问题将由未来的每种经验和理论方法来回答。