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Thermal tolerance of early development predicts the realized thermal niche in marine ectotherms
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-04 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13850 Rachel Collin 1 , Adriana P. Rebolledo 1, 2 , Emily Smith 1 , Kit Yu Karen Chan 3, 4
中文翻译：
早期发育的耐热性预测了海洋变温动物中已实现的热生态位
更新日期：2021-08-09
Functional Ecology ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-04 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13850 Rachel Collin 1 , Adriana P. Rebolledo 1, 2 , Emily Smith 1 , Kit Yu Karen Chan 3, 4
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- Predictions of ectotherms' responses to global warming depend on the relationship between environmental temperature and organismal performance. To date, most predictions of thermal responses are generated from experimentally derived measures of thermal tolerances of adults or estimates of thermal niches derived from geographic distributions of adults. It is unknown how measures derived from these different approaches compare, or, as thermal performance of ectotherms varies through ontogeny, how they compare across life stages.
- To understand the efficacy of the temperature–performance relationship of early developmental stages as predictors of geographic range, we empirically documented the upper and lower thermal tolerance limits of embryos of eight species of ectotherms with complex life cycles.
- We compared the embryonic thermal tolerances of each species to that of the adults (documented in a previous study), as well as to an estimate of the thermal niche derived from adult distributions.
- Our results show that in all eight species the upper thermal limit estimated from embryos is significantly lower than the upper thermal limit estimated from adults. The lower thermal limit for embryos and for adult performance are similar, but the lower thermal limit for adult survival is significantly lower.
- Warming tolerances, calculated as the difference between upper tolerance limit and the average ambient temperature during the warmest month, for each species are also smaller for embryos (~1°C) than for adults (~5°C).
- These results show that thermal tolerances of early developmental stages, which are often easier to obtain for large sample sizes over an array of temperatures than are tolerances of adults, are a powerful, and potentially more accurate tool for predicting future responses to climate change.
中文翻译：
早期发育的耐热性预测了海洋变温动物中已实现的热生态位
- 外温动物对全球变暖反应的预测取决于环境温度和生物体表现之间的关系。迄今为止，大多数热响应预测是通过实验得出的成人热耐受性测量或从成人地理分布得出的热利位估计值产生的。尚不清楚从这些不同方法得出的测量值如何比较，或者，由于变温动物的热性能因个体发育而异，它们如何在整个生命阶段进行比较。
- 为了了解早期发育阶段的温度 - 性能关系作为地理范围预测因子的功效，我们凭经验记录了八种具有复杂生命周期的外温动物胚胎的热耐受上限和下限。
- 我们将每个物种的胚胎热耐受性与成虫的胚胎热耐受性（在先前的研究中记录）以及从成虫分布得出的热生态位的估计进行了比较。
- 我们的结果表明，在所有 8 个物种中，从胚胎估计的热上限明显低于从成体估计的热上限。胚胎和成体性能的热下限相似，但成体存活的热下限要低得多。
- 每个物种的胚胎（~1°C）的升温耐受性（根据耐受上限与最温暖月份的平均环境温度之间的差异计算）也小于成虫（~5°C）。
- 这些结果表明，早期发育阶段的热耐受性通常比成人的耐受性更容易在一系列温度下对大样本量获得，是预测未来对气候变化的反应的强大且可能更准确的工具。
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