Road driving conditions are complicated, and road unevenness and speed bumps are main sources of vibration that cause the discomfort of passengers in vehicles. The vehicle seat can effectively reduce the system damage and human discomfort caused by this vibration. In this paper, an innovative damping seat that combines a vibration absorber and variable damping cushion is proposed for better vibration reduction performance under different external road excitations. A practical vertical human-seat-vehicle model is established, and uneven road excitation considering trapezoidal speed bumps and rectangular speed bumps is applied to the vertical model. The vibration reduction mechanisms of four different seats (without the absorber and variable damping cushion, with the absorber, with the variable damping cushion and with the new damping seat) are studied by comprehensive time-frequency analysis of the vibration responses. A comparison verifies the improved vibration damping performance of the newly proposed scheme, providing good theoretical guidance for the development of damping seats.

道路行驶条件复杂，路面不平和减速带是引起车内乘客不适的主要振动源。车辆座椅可以有效减少这种振动对系统的损坏和人体不适。在本文中，提出了一种结合减振器和可变阻尼垫的创新阻尼座椅，以在不同的外部道路激励下具有更好的减振性能。建立了实用的垂直人座车模型，并将考虑梯形减速带和矩形减速带的不均匀路面激励应用于垂直模型。四种不同座椅的减振机制（无减振器和可变阻尼垫，有减振器，使用可变阻尼垫和新阻尼座）通过振动响应的综合时频分析进行研究。对比验证了新提出的方案改进的减振性能，为减振座椅的研制提供了良好的理论指导。