In mobile networks, maintaining the on-going call is critical while the user is still moving from one evolved node B (eNB) to another eNB or one sector to another sector within the same eNB. This phenomenon is called handover (HO). Proper HO decision avoids the call drop rate and ping-pond which maintains adequate Quality of Service. As HO parameters have competing interests, simultaneous setup of the HO failure and HO ping-pong is difficult problem. Hence, in this paper, the HO performance is evaluated by optimizing the HO control parameters including time to trigger, HO offset, and HO margin. A famous heuristic algorithm called Particle Swarm optimization (PSO) is also integrated to adjust the HO control parameters. Besides, a self-organized network is applied to enhance the network performance by automating the mobility load balancing (MLB) and PSO. The HO ping-pong (HOPP) and HO failure (HOF) are evaluated under dynamic user mobility and traffic loads. The simulation results have shown that the optimization-MLB based HOF and HOPP are significantly improved compared to the ordinary HO performance enhancement techniques.

在移动网络中，当用户仍在从一个演进节点 B (eNB) 移动到另一个 eNB 或同一 eNB 内的一个扇区到另一个扇区时，保持正在进行的呼叫至关重要。这种现象称为切换（HO）。正确的 HO 决策可避免掉话率和 ping-pond，从而保持足够的服务质量。由于 HO 参数具有相互竞争的利益，因此同时设置 HO 失败和 HO 乒乓是一个难题。因此，在本文中，通过优化包括触发时间、HO 偏移和 HO 余量在内的 HO 控制参数来评估 HO 性能。还集成了一种称为粒子群优化 (PSO) 的著名启发式算法来调整 HO 控制参数。除了，自组织网络通过自动化移动负载平衡 (MLB) 和 PSO 来提高网络性能。在动态用户移动性和流量负载下评估 HO 乒乓 (HOPP) 和 HO 失败 (HOF)。仿真结果表明，与普通的 HO 性能增强技术相比，基于优化 MLB 的 HOF 和 HOPP 得到了显着改善。