Anthropogenic landscape change can lead to novel interactions among species with consequences for predator–prey dynamics. Population responses of predators and prey vary according to species abundance, movement, and distribution. Although conservation often involves managing species abundance, culling predators to benefit vulnerable prey is socially, ethically, and ecologically tenuous. We conducted a before–after control–impact experiment to test how well mitigations designed to disrupt animal movement reduce encounters between endangered caribou (Rangifer tarandus) and their predators in a human-modified landscape. Using camera traps, we quantified coincident habitat use by predators and prey. By deploying obstacles to disrupt ease of movement on human developments, we reduced the ratio of wolf (Canis lupus)–caribou encounters by 85% and reduced the ratio of black bear (Ursus americanus)–caribou encounters by 60%, without removing predators. By managing animal movements that regulate predator–prey encounters, risk to endangered species can be reduced without the disruptive trophic effects caused by intensive carnivore removals.

中文翻译：

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管理动物运动可以保护捕食者-猎物动态

人为景观变化会导致物种之间的新相互作用，从而对捕食者-猎物动态产生影响。捕食者和猎物的种群反应因物种丰富度、运动和分布而异。尽管保护通常涉及管理物种丰富度，但扑杀捕食者以使脆弱的猎物受益在社会、伦理和生态上都是脆弱的。我们进行了前后控制影响实验，以测试旨在扰乱动物运动的缓解措施如何减少濒临灭绝的驯鹿（Rangifer tarandus）与其捕食者在人类改造的景观中的遭遇。使用相机陷阱，我们量化了捕食者和猎物同时使用的栖息地。通过设置障碍来破坏人类发展的便利性，我们减少了狼（Canis lupus )-驯鹿的遭遇率降低了 85%，并将黑熊 ( Ursus americanus )-驯鹿的遭遇率降低了60%，而没有清除捕食者。通过管理调节捕食者与猎物相遇的动物运动，可以降低濒危物种的风险，而不会因大量捕食食肉动物而造成破坏性的营养影响。