Events with vector bosons produced in association with jets have been extensively studied at hadron colliders and provide high-accuracy tests of the standard model. A good understanding of these processes is of paramount importance for precision Higgs physics, as well as for searches for new physics. In particular, associated production of $\gamma$, $W$, or $Z$ bosons with light-flavor and heavy-flavor jets is a powerful tool for testing perturbative QCD calculations, Monte Carlo event generators, and can also constrain the parametrizations used to describe the parton content of the proton. Furthermore, events with a $W$ or $Z$ boson produced with two well-separated jets can be used to distinguish between electroweak and strong production mechanisms, and to set limits on contributions of physics beyond the standard model. This review summarizes the historical theoretical developments and the state-of-the-art in the modeling of vector-boson-plus-jet physics while focusing on experimental results by the LHC collaborations in run 1 and run 2 and including comparisons with recent measurements at the Tevatron.

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质子碰撞中的矢量玻色子和喷流

在强子对撞机上广泛研究了与喷流相关的矢量玻色子事件，并提供了标准模型的高精度测试。充分理解这些过程对于精确的希格斯物理学以及寻找新物理学至关重要。特别是，相关生产$\gamma$, $宽$， 或者 $Z$具有淡味和重味射流的玻色子是测试微扰 QCD 计算、蒙特卡罗事件发生器的强大工具，还可以约束用于描述质子部分内容的参数化。此外，事件与$宽$ 或者 $Z$由两个分离良好的射流产生的玻色子可用于区分电弱产生机制和强产生机制，并限制超出标准模型的物理学贡献。这篇综述总结了矢量玻色子加喷流物理建模的历史理论发展和最新技术，同时重点关注 LHC 合作在第 1 次和第 2 次运行中的实验结果，包括与最近的测量结果的比较Tevatron。