ABSTRACT

Introduction

Both symptoms and functional impairment should be assessed in college students seeking evaluations for Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD). However, impairment is not specific to ADHD. Although it is well documented that self-reported symptoms can be reported noncredibly, there is less research examining credibility of self-reported impairment, and few clinicians rule out alternative causes for impairment.

Method

Participants (N = 428) completed self-report measures of functional impairment, sleep, perceived stress, and in an ADHD symptom measure with embedded validity indicators.

Results

Noncredible reporters endorsed greater functional impairment than credible reporters in several domains, but impairment was reported at a high rate even in credible responders (N = 323) in several domains. Participants who reported prior ADHD and participants who reported prior psychiatric diagnoses reported greater impairment and higher rates of clinically significant impairment than those who reported no prior diagnoses. Few differences in reported impairment emerged between those who reported ADHD and psychiatric diagnoses. Sleep and stress accounted for significant variance in impairment, and the ADHD group reported greater impairment than the psychiatric diagnosis and no diagnosis groups after controlling for these variables.

Conclusions

Results reinforce the importance of considering the validity of, and alternative sources for, self-reported impairment in college students with ADHD concerns.

中文翻译：

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大学生自我报告的功能障碍：与不可信报告、多动症、心理障碍和其他心理因素的关系

摘要

介绍

在寻求注意力缺陷多动障碍 (ADHD) 评估的大学生中，应评估症状和功能障碍。然而，损伤并不是多动症特有的。尽管有充分证据表明自我报告的症状可以不可信地报告，但很少有研究检查自我报告的损害的可信度，而且很少有临床医生排除损害的其他原因。

方法

参与者 ( N = 428) 完成了功能障碍、睡眠、感知压力的自我报告测量，以及带有嵌入式有效性指标的 ADHD 症状测量。

结果

在几个领域，不可信的报告者比可信的报告者支持更大的功能障碍，但即使在几个领域的可信响应者（N =  323）中，也报告了高比率的功能障碍。报告先前 ADHD 的参与者和报告先前精神病学诊断的参与者报告的损伤更大，临床显着损伤的发生率高于未报告先前诊断的参与者。报告的多动症和精神病诊断者之间报告的损伤几乎没有差异。睡眠和压力导致损伤的显着差异，并且在控制这些变量后，ADHD 组报告的损伤比精神病诊断组和无诊断组更大。

结论

结果强调了考虑患有多动症的大学生自我报告障碍的有效性和替代来源的重要性。