Background Exercise prescribing can help patients to overcome physical inactivity, but its use in general practice is limited. The purpose of this narrative review was to investigate contemporaneous experiences of general practitioners and patients with exercise prescribing. Method PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct and Cochrane reviews were reviewed using the terms ‘exercise prescription’, ‘exercise prescribing’, ‘family practice’, ‘general practice’, ‘adults’ and ‘physical activity prescribing’. Results After screening by title, abstract and full paper, 23 studies were selected for inclusion. Qualitative, quantitative and mixed-methods studies revealed key experiences of general practitioners and patients. Barriers identified included: physician characteristics, patients’ physical and psychosocial factors, systems and cultural failures, as well as ambiguity around exercise prescribing. We present a synthesis of the key strategies to overcome these using an ABC approach: A: assessment of physical activity: involves asking about physical activity, barriers and risks to undertaking an exercise prescription; B: brief intervention: advice, written prescription detailing frequency, intensity, timing and type of exercise; and C: continued support: providing ongoing monitoring, accountability and progression of the prescription. Multiple supports were identified: user-friendly resources, workshops for doctors, guidelines for specific illnesses and multimorbidity, electronic devices, health system support and collaboration with other healthcare and exercise professionals. Discussion This review has identified levers for facilitating exercise prescribing and adherence to it. The findings have been presented in an ABC format as a guide and support for general practitioners to prescribe exercise.

中文翻译：

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将运动作为医学处方的基本知识：对全科医生和患者经验的叙述性回顾

背景 运动处方可以帮助患者克服缺乏运动的情况，但其在一般实践中的使用有限。这篇叙述性综述的目的是调查全科医生和患者同时开运动处方的经历。方法 使用“运动处方”、“运动处方”、“家庭实践”、“全科实践”、“成人”和“身体活动处方”等术语对 PubMed、Scopus、Science Direct 和 Cochrane 综述进行了回顾。结果经过标题、摘要和全文筛选，最终入选23篇研究。定性、定量和混合方法研究揭示了全科医生和患者的关键经验。确定的障碍包括：医生特征、患者的身体和心理社会因素、系统和文化失败，以及运动处方的模糊性。我们提出了使用 ABC 方法克服这些问题的关键策略的综合： A：身体活动评估：涉及询问身体活动、采取运动处方的障碍和风险；B：简短干预：建议、书面处方，详细说明运动的频率、强度、时间和类型；C：持续支持：提供持续监测、问责和处方进展。确定了多种支持：用户友好的资源、医生研讨会、针对特定疾病和多种疾病的指南、电子设备、卫生系统支持以及与其他医疗保健和运动专业人员的合作。讨论 本次审查确定了促进运动处方和遵守运动处方的方法。研究结果以 ABC 格式呈现，作为全科医生制定运动处方的指南和支持。