The invasion of the northwestern Atlantic by the Indo-Pacific lionfish has developed extraordinarily fast. In less than 30 years, lionfish have dramatically expanded their distribution range to an area encompassing the eastern coast of the USA, Bermuda, the entire Caribbean region and the Gulf of Mexico. Until now, just a single sighting had been reported in the South Atlantic and it was questionable whether lionfish would invade this region like it has in the northwestern Atlantic. Here we report four new records of lionfish for the Brazilian coast, in the southwestern Atlantic. Two individuals were captured in mesophotic reefs underneath the Amazon river plume, one in an oceanic archipelago distant 350 km from Brazil’s tropical continental coast, and the fourth in the subtropical coast. The records in the Amazon and in the oceanic regions support previous inferences of lionfish invasion routes into the south Atlantic. The subtropical record, despite being considered too far away for a single larval dispersal event from the Caribbean, is recurrent and could be a result of aquarium releases.

印度洋-太平洋狮子鱼对大西洋西北部的入侵发展异常迅速。在不到 30 年的时间里，狮子鱼的分布范围已显着扩大到美国东海岸、百慕大、整个加勒比地区和墨西哥湾。到目前为止，南大西洋只报告了一次目击事件，狮子鱼是否会像在大西洋西北部那样入侵该地区是值得怀疑的。在这里，我们报告了大西洋西南部巴西海岸狮子鱼的四项新记录。在亚马逊河羽流下的中光珊瑚礁中捕获了两个个体，一个在距离巴西热带大陆海岸 350 公里的海洋群岛中，第四个在亚热带海岸。亚马逊和海洋地区的记录支持先前关于狮子鱼入侵南大西洋路线的推论。亚热带记录，尽管被认为距离加勒比海的单个幼虫传播事件太远，但它是反复出现的，可能是水族馆释放的结果。