Motor learning is fundamental to motor rehabilitation outcomes. There is growing evidence from non-neurological populations supporting the role of visuospatial memory function in motor learning, but current predictive models of motor recovery of individuals with stroke generally exclude cognitive measures, thereby overlooking the potential link between motor learning and visuospatial memory. Recent work has demonstrated that a clinical test of visuospatial memory (Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Delayed Recall) may predict 1-month skill learning in older adults; however, whether this relationship persists in individuals with chronic stroke remains unknown. The purpose of this short report was to validate previous findings using Rey–Osterrieth Complex Figure Delayed Recall test scores to predict motor learning and determine if this relationship generalized to a set of individuals post-stroke. Two regression models (one including Delayed Recall scores and one without) were trained using data from non-stroke older adults. To determine the extent to which Delayed Recall test scores impacted prediction accuracy of 1-month skill learning in older adults, we used leave-one-out cross-validation to evaluate the prediction error between models. To test if this predictive relationship generalized to individuals with chronic ischemic stroke, we then tested each trained model on an independent stroke dataset. Results indicated that in both stroke and older adult datasets, inclusion of Delayed Recall scores explained significantly more variance of 1-month skill performance than models that included age, education, and baseline motor performance alone. This proof-of-concept suggests that the relationship between delayed visuospatial memory and 1-month motor skill performance generalizes to individuals with chronic stroke, and supports the idea that visuospatial testing may provide prognostic insight into clinical motor rehabilitation outcomes.

中文翻译：

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概括非痴呆老年人与慢性中风患者 1 个月运动技能保留率和 Rey-Osterrieth 延迟回忆评分之间的预测关系：一份简短报告


运动学习是运动康复结果的基础。越来越多的非神经病学人群证据支持视觉空间记忆功能在运动学习中的作用，但当前中风患者运动恢复的预测模型通常排除认知测量，从而忽视了运动学习和视觉空间记忆之间的潜在联系。最近的工作表明，视觉空间记忆的临床测试（Rey-Osterrieth 复杂图形延迟回忆）可以预测老年人 1 个月的技能学习；然而，这种关系在慢性中风患者中是否持续存在仍不清楚。这份简短报告的目的是使用 Rey-Osterrieth 复杂图形延迟回忆测试分数来验证之前的发现，以预测运动学习并确定这种关系是否适用于中风后的一组个体。使用非中风老年人的数据训练了两种回归模型（一种包括延迟回忆分数，另一种不包括）。为了确定延迟回忆测试分数对老年人 1 个月技能学习的预测准确性的影响程度，我们使用留一法交叉验证来评估模型之间的预测误差。为了测试这种预测关系是否适用于慢性缺血性中风患者，我们在独立的中风数据集上测试了每个训练模型。结果表明，在中风和老年人数据集中，与仅包含年龄、教育程度和基线运动表现的模型相比，包含延迟回忆分数可以解释 1 个月技能表现的显着差异。 这一概念验证表明，视觉空间记忆延迟与 1 个月运动技能表现之间的关系适用于慢性中风患者，并支持视觉空间测试可以为临床运动康复结果提供预后洞察的观点。