Work-related stress shows steadily increasing prevalence rates and has tangible consequences for individual workers, their organizations, and society as a whole. One mechanism that may help offset the negative outcomes of work-related stress on employees’ well-being is recovery. Recovery refers to the experience of unwinding from one's job when not at work. However, employees who experience high levels of work-related stress and are thus particularly in need of recovery tend to struggle to switch-off. Due to the detrimental effects of this prolonged and sustained mental representation of job stressors, interventions promoting recovery may contribute to improvements in employees' mental health. In this randomized, waitlist controlled trial, we will investigate the effectiveness of two 6-week online training programs (cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based). The sample will include employees working at least part-time during regular work hours. Besides the pre-post-follow-up assessments, the trial will include measurement bursts with the goal of examining the underlying mechanisms. We expect that both interventions will reduce work-related perseverative thinking (PT) compared with the waitlist control groups (primary outcome). Also, we expect that both interventions will result in similar improvements, but the underlying mechanisms will differ (process outcomes). In the cognitive-behavioral intervention group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in recovery experiences across time. In the mindfulness-based group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in facets of mindfulness across time. In the present study, we will investigate mechanisms underlying assumed changes in work-related PT in great detail. Besides evaluating the overall effectiveness of the two interventions in terms of pre-post-follow-up changes, we will look at the underlying processes at different levels—that is, within days, within weeks, across weeks, and between individuals. Accordingly, our study will offer a fine-grained approach to investigating potential determinants, mediators, and moderators of the processes that may, in the end, be responsible for work-related strain. From a public health perspective, if effective, the online training programs may offer valuable, low-threshold, and low-intensity interventions for a broad range of occupations. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Registration: DRKS00024933. Registered prospectively 7 April 2021. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024933

中文翻译：

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促进日常生活恢复：随机对照试验的研究方案


与工作相关的压力的患病率正在稳步上升，并对个体工人、其组织和整个社会产生切实的影响。恢复是一种可能有助于抵消工作压力对员工福祉造成的负面影响的机制。恢复是指在不工作时从工作中放松下来的体验。然而，那些承受着与工作相关的高压力并因此特别需要恢复的员工往往很难摆脱困境。由于工作压力源的这种长期且持续的心理表征会产生有害影响，促进康复的干预措施可能有助于改善员工的心理健康。在这项随机、候补对照试验中，我们将研究两个为期 6 周的在线培训计划（基于认知行为和正念）的有效性。样本将包括在正常工作时间内至少兼职的员工。除了前后随访评估外，试验还将包括突发测量，目的是检查潜在机制。我们预计，与候补对照组相比，这两种干预措施都会减少与工作相关的持久性思维（PT）（主要结果）。此外，我们预计这两种干预措施将带来类似的改进，但潜在机制会有所不同（过程结果）。在认知行为干预组中，我们预计导致 PT 水平降低的主要机制是随着时间的推移恢复体验的增加。在基于正念的组中，我们预计导致 PT 水平较低的主要机制将是随着时间的推移正念方面的增加。 在本研究中，我们将详细研究与工作相关的 PT 假设变化的机制。除了评估两种干预措施前后随访变化的总体有效性外，我们还将研究不同层面的基本过程，即几天内、几周内、几周内以及个体之间。因此，我们的研究将提供一种细粒度的方法来调查最终可能导致工作相关压力的过程的潜在决定因素、调节因素和调节因素。从公共卫生的角度来看，如果有效，在线培训项目可能会为广泛的职业提供有价值的、低门槛的、低强度的干预措施。试验注册 德国临床试验注册：DRKS00024933。预期注册日期为 2021 年 4 月 7 日。https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=Trial。HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024933