Vasopressin: An output signal from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to prepare physiology and behaviour for the resting phase,Journal of Neuroendocrinology

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Vasopressin: An output signal from the suprachiasmatic nucleus to prepare physiology and behaviour for the resting phase
Journal of Neuroendocrinology ( IF 3.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-02 , DOI: 10.1111/jne.12998
Ruud M Buijs ₁ , Gabriela Hurtado-Alvarado ₁ , Eva Soto-Tinoco ₁

Affiliation

Vasopressin (VP) is an important hormone produced in the supraoptic (SON) and paraventricular nucleus (PVN) with antidiuretic and vasoconstrictor functions in the periphery. As one of the first discovered peptide hormones, VP was also shown to act as a neurotransmitter, where VP is produced and released under the influence of various stimuli. VP is one of the core signals via which the biological clock, the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), imposes its rhythm on its target structures and its production and release is influenced by the rhythm of clock genes and the light/dark cycle. This is contrasted with VP production and release from the bed nucleus of the stria terminalis and the medial amygdala, which is influenced by gonadal hormones, as well as with VP originating from the PVN and SON, which is released in the neural lobe and central targets. The release of VP from the SCN signals the near arrival of the resting phase in rodents and prepares their physiology accordingly by down-modulating corticosterone secretion, the reproductive cycle and locomotor activity. All these circadian variables are regulated within very narrow boundaries at a specific time of the day, where day-to-day variation is less than 5% at any particular hour. However, the circadian peak values can be at least ten times higher than the circadian trough values, indicating the need for an elaborate feedback system to inform the SCN and other participating nuclei about the actual levels reached during the circadian cycle. In short, the interplay between SCN circadian output and peripheral feedback to the SCN is essential for the adequate organisation of all circadian rhythms in physiology and behaviour.

中文翻译：

加压素：来自视交叉上核的输出信号，为静息期做好生理和行为准备

加压素 (VP) 是一种在视上 (SON) 和室旁核 (PVN) 中产生的重要激素，在外周具有抗利尿和血管收缩功能。作为最早发现的肽类激素之一，VP 还被证明可以作为一种神经递质，在各种刺激的影响下产生和释放 VP。VP 是生物钟、视交叉上核 (SCN) 将其节律施加于其靶结构的核心信号之一，其产生和释放受时钟基因节律和光/暗循环的影响。这与受性腺激素影响的终纹床核和内侧杏仁核的 VP 产生和释放以及源自 PVN 和 SON 的 VP 的产生和释放形成对比，后者在神经叶和中央靶标中释放. VP 从 SCN 的释放标志着啮齿动物的休息期即将到来，并通过下调皮质酮分泌、生殖周期和运动活动来相应地准备它们的生理机能。所有这些昼夜节律变量在一天中的特定时间都在非常狭窄的范围内进行调节，在任何特定时间，日常变化都小于 5%。然而，昼夜节律峰值可能至少比昼夜节律谷值高十倍，这表明需要一个精心设计的反馈系统来通知 SCN 和其他参与的细胞核在昼夜节律周期内达到的实际水平。简而言之，SCN 昼夜节律输出和对 SCN 的外围反馈之间的相互作用对于在生理和行为中充分组织所有昼夜节律至关重要。

更新日期：2021-07-26

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