Phytoremediation with augmentation of oxalic acid could improve the removal efficiencies of toxic metals in saline soil. Metal concentrations and species in saline soil, extraction of metals by Suaeda salsa, and physiology of plant were all affected by the additive concentration of oxalic acid. The addition of oxalic acid increased the availability of heavy metals in soil and promoted the metal migration from soil to plant. Low dose of oxalic acid (0.5%) application promoted plant root length and biomass, and improved the translocation of cadmium and lead from roots to shoots, which increased from 13.8 to 14.3 cm, from 102.5 to 103.1 g/pot, from 10.74 to 12.82 for cadmium, and from 0.71 to 0.95 for lead, respectively. Whereas the higher addition (1.5%) of oxalic acid induced higher plant toxicity and increased the accumulation of heavy metal in root of S. salsa significantly (p < 0.05). The highest values of translocation factor were achieved under relative low dose (0.5% or 1.0%) of oxalic acid addition, which were 0.39, 12.82, and 0.95, respectively. While the highest values of bioconcentration factors for shoot and root (BCF_shoot and BCF_root) occurred at 1.0% and 1.5% oxalic acid addition, respectively. S. salsa could be more suitable for phytostabilization for combined toxic metal pollution under the addition of high dose of oxalic acid.

中文翻译：

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Suaeda salsa 增加草酸对受有毒金属污染的盐渍土进行植物修复：对金属易位和植物生理学的影响

植物修复加草酸可以提高盐渍土中有毒金属的去除效率。盐渍土中的金属浓度和种类，Suaeda salsa提取金属, 和植物生理机能都受草酸添加浓度的影响。草酸的添加增加了土壤中重金属的有效性，促进了金属从土壤到植物的迁移。低剂量草酸（0.5%）施用促进了植物根长和生物量，促进了镉和铅从根向地上部的转运，从13.8到14.3 cm，从102.5到103.1 g/盆，从10.74到12.82镉和铅分别从 0.71 到 0.95。而较高的草酸添加量 (1.5%) 会引起较高的植物毒性并显着增加辣根根中重金属的积累（p < 0.05)。在相对低剂量（0.5% 或 1.0%）的草酸添加下，易位因子的最高值分别为 0.39、12.82 和 0.95。而芽和根（BCF_芽和 BCF_根）的生物浓度因子的最高值分别出现在 1.0% 和 1.5% 的草酸添加量时。S. salsa在高剂量草酸的添加下更适合对复合有毒金属污染进行植物稳定。