Neuroimaging studies have consistently identified the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) as being affected in individuals with neuropsychiatric disorders. OFC dysfunction has been proposed to be a key mechanism by which decision-making impairments emerge in diverse clinical populations, and recent studies employing computational approaches have revealed that distinct reinforcement-learning mechanisms of decision-making differ among diagnoses. In this perspective, we propose that these computational differences may be linked to select OFC circuits and present our recent work that has used a neurocomputational approach to understand the biobehavioral mechanisms of addiction pathology in rodent models. We describe how combining translationally analogous behavioral paradigms with reinforcement-learning algorithms and sophisticated neuroscience techniques in animals can provide critical insights into OFC pathology in biobehavioral disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

中文翻译：

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解锁眶额皮质的强化学习回路。

神经影像学研究一致认为眶额皮质 (OFC) 在神经精神疾病患者中受到影响。OFC 功能障碍被认为是在不同临床人群中出现决策障碍的关键机制，最近采用计算方法的研究表明，不同的诊断决策的强化学习机制不同。从这个角度来看，我们提出这些计算差异可能与选择 OFC 电路有关，并展示了我们最近的工作，该工作使用神经计算方法来了解啮齿动物模型中成瘾病理的生物行为机制。我们描述了如何将翻译类比行为范式与强化学习算法和复杂的动物神经科学技术相结合，可以为生物行为障碍中的 OFC 病理学提供重要的见解。（PsycInfo 数据库记录 (c) 2021 APA，保留所有权利）。