The utility of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) based electrodes prepared from biomass has drawn the attention of the scientists and industrialists due to their structural diversities, tuneable physical or chemical properties, and economical, environmental, and social considerations. As the raw material for the production of CQDs is abundantly available in nature at low-cost any technological know-how is bound to be sustainable. These carbon quantum dots with porous structure have ideal architecture, physicochemical properties, amenability for doping with heteroatoms, good electrical conductivity thus making them very attractive for electrochemical energy storage. In this paper, application potentialities of various metal ion batteries (Li⁺, Na⁺, K⁺, Al²⁺, and Zn²⁺) using nanostructured carbon materials, Columbic efficiency, cyclic ability, reversible discharge capacity, current density, dimensional effects and cost considerations are brought into close focus.

中文翻译：

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生物质衍生的碳量子点——综述。第 2 部分：在电池中的应用

由生物质制备的基于碳量子点 (CQD) 的电极因其结构多样性、可调节的物理或化学性质以及经济、环境和社会方面的考虑而引起了科学家和工业家的关注。由于用于生产 CQD 的原材料在自然界中可以以低成本获取，因此任何技术诀窍都必然是可持续的。这些具有多孔结构的碳量子点具有理想的结构、物理化学性质、掺杂杂原子的适应性、良好的导电性，因此它们对于电化学储能非常有吸引力。本文对各种金属离子电池（Li ⁺、Na ⁺、K ⁺、Al²⁺和 Zn ²⁺ ) 使用纳米结构的碳材料，库伦效率、循环能力、可逆放电容量、电流密度、尺寸效应和成本考虑都受到密切关注。