Ozone is the most damaging phytotoxic air pollutant to crop yield quantity and quality. This study presents the validation of a simulation with the WRF-CHIMERE modelling system in order to assess the risk of phytotoxicity by tropospheric ozone for an important and characteristic Mediterranean crop, i.e. the grapevine. The study region was the Douro wine region in Portugal, which is characterized by a rugged relief and a Mediterranean climate. The simulation covered a reference grapevine growing season in the Northern Hemisphere (from April to September 2017), during which a particular measuring campaign was also carried out. The validation of the meteorological simulations on a daily and hourly time resolution was performed based on data from three weather stations, namely on temperature, global solar radiation, relative humidity, wind speed and direction values. The ozone phytotoxicity was assessed with data from two measuring stations. A specific grapevine growth parameter based on monitored phenological observations was introduced for ozone stomatal uptake assessment. Concerning meteorology, validation statistics were acceptable and within the range of what has been found in other regional climate modelling simulations. Ground-level ozone-based values were calculated for a better assessment of the phytotoxic risk, in particular cumulative standards for vegetation protection. Stomatal flux estimates were within the range of those measured for the local cultivars in the field campaign when there was not severe water stress limitation. Both field and statistically adjusted model values indicate that considerable areas in the Demarcated Douro Region of Portugal can exceed the critical exposure values for vegetation according to current European legislation standards. Moreover, measured and simulated results indicate an ozone impact on grapevine yield and quality in the target region because the exposure- and flux-based indices exceed the criteria based on current open-top-chamber experimental knowledge.

臭氧是对作物产量和质量最具破坏性的植物毒性空气污染物。本研究展示了使用 WRF-CHIMERE 建模系统进行的模拟验证，以评估对流层臭氧对重要且具有特色的地中海作物（即葡萄藤）的植物毒性风险。研究地区是葡萄牙的杜罗葡萄酒产区，其特点是地势崎岖，属于地中海气候。模拟涵盖了北半球的一个参考葡萄生长季节（2017 年 4 月至 9 月），在此期间还进行了特定的测量活动。根据来自三个气象站的数据，即温度、全球太阳辐射、相对湿度、风速和风向值。臭氧植物毒性通过两个测量站的数据进行评估。引入了基于监测物候观察的特定葡萄生长参数用于臭氧气孔吸收评估。关于气象，验证统计数据是可以接受的，并且在其他区域气候模拟模拟中发现的范围内。计算基于地面臭氧的值以更好地评估植物毒性风险，特别是植被保护的累积标准。当没有严重的水分胁迫限制时，气孔通量估计值在田间运动中当地栽培品种的测量值范围内。实地和统计调整的模型值都表明，根据当前的欧洲立法标准，葡萄牙杜罗区划界的相当大面积可能超过植被的临界暴露值。此外，测量和模拟结果表明臭氧对目标区域的葡萄产量和质量有影响，因为基于暴露和通量的指数超过了基于当前开顶室实验知识的标准。