In this paper, we explore how the definition of life takes on an essential character in the ethical debates around health technologies, with life thus being manufactured in the tensions and conflicts around the use of such artefacts and devices. We introduce concepts from science and technology studies (STS) to approach bioethics, overcoming the dualistic conception that separates the natural and the technological and questioning the dominant rationality that divides life into dualities. Drawing on two research projects in which we have been involved in recent years, one regarding biobanks and the other regarding social care robots, we explore how the ethical discussions about biobanks and robots imply particular notions of life. We argue that the contemporary epistemic category of life is a manufactured life in which various rationalities coexist: one rationality based on a separation between the technological and the human, focused on pragmatism and functionalities that tend towards a dualized notion of life divided into qualified and non-qualified life, and another rationality based on a non-essentialist ontology, focused on the mediating role of health technologies, that entails a distributed life appearing as a precarious effect of a network. Each of these rationalities allows the emergence of different issues and ethical concerns, thus enriching the bioethical debate.

在本文中，我们探讨了生命的定义如何在围绕健康技术的伦理辩论中具有基本特征，从而在围绕使用此类人工制品和设备的紧张和冲突中制造生命。我们将科学技术研究（STS）的概念引入生命伦理学，克服将自然与技术分开的二元论概念，并质疑将生命划分为二元性的主导理性。利用我们近年来参与的两个研究项目，一个关于生物库，另一个关于社会护理机器人，我们探讨了关于生物库和机器人的伦理讨论如何暗示特定的生命概念。我们认为当代生活的认知范畴是各种理性共存的人造生活：一种基于技术与人类分离的理性，侧重于实用主义和功能性，倾向于将生活分为合格和非合格生活的二元概念，另一种理性基于非本质主义本体论，侧重于中介卫生技术的作用，这需要分布式生活，表现为网络的不稳定影响。这些合理性中的每一个都允许出现不同的问题和伦理问题，从而丰富了生物伦理学的辩论。专注于健康技术的中介作用，这需要分布式生活，表现为网络的不稳定影响。这些合理性中的每一个都允许出现不同的问题和伦理问题，从而丰富了生物伦理学的辩论。专注于健康技术的中介作用，这导致分布式生活表现为网络的不稳定影响。这些合理性中的每一个都允许出现不同的问题和伦理问题，从而丰富了生物伦理学的辩论。