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A system approach to enable digital beamforming with direct radiating arrays: The joint use of precoding and sparse arrays
International Journal of Satellite Communications and Networking ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 , DOI: 10.1002/sat.1412
Florian Vidal 1 , Hervé Legay 1 , George Goussetis 2 , Andrea Segneri 2
Affiliation  

Digital beamforming with an active array antenna has become, these past years, the holy grail for flexible satellite payloads. This architecture enables a power, frequency and beam steering flexibility that meets the requirements of a wide range of user terminal distributions. Matching these distributions may be challenging, especially if user terminals are co-located. In this case, narrower beams are needed to utilise high-frequency reuse factors while avoiding inter-beam interference. Small beamwidths, however, require large antenna diameters, which implies for conventional antenna arrays many radiating elements and subsequently an increased complexity. A way to reduce the number of radiating elements is to resort to sparse arrays with an irregular layout of radiating elements. A disadvantage of this type of antenna is their high side lobe levels when scanning the beams. A robust on-board precoding strategy based on the knowledge of the users' positions and the antenna gain over the coverage is proposed to mitigate the interference arising from high side lobe levels. A circular direct radiating array and a sparse direct radiating array based on a sunflower design are compared with respect to the capacities they can achieve, and the complexity of the processor required to perform full digital beamforming.

中文翻译:

一种使用直接辐射阵列实现数字波束成形的系统方法:预编码和稀疏阵列的联合使用

在过去的几年里,使用有源阵列天线的数字波束成形已成为灵活卫星有效载荷的圣杯。这种架构实现了功率、频率和波束控制的灵活性,可满足各种用户终端分布的要求。匹配这些分布可能具有挑战性,尤其是在用户终端位于同一地点的情况下。在这种情况下,需要更窄的波束来利用高频复用因子,同时避免波束间干扰。然而,小波束宽度需要大天线直径,这意味着传统天线阵列需要许多辐射元件,从而增加了复杂性。减少辐射元件数量的一种方法是采用具有不规则辐射元件布局的稀疏阵列。这种天线的一个缺点是在扫描波束时它们的旁瓣电平很高。提出了一种基于用户位置知识和覆盖范围内天线增益的鲁棒机载预编码策略,以减轻高旁瓣电平引起的干扰。将圆形直接辐射阵列和基于向日葵设计的稀疏直接辐射阵列在其可实现的容量以及执行全数字波束成形所需的处理器复杂性方面进行了比较。
更新日期:2021-06-01
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