Risk factors for the etiology of post-weaning diarrhea, a major problem in swine industry associated with enormous economic losses, remain to be fully elucidated. In concordance with the ethical concerns raised by animal experiments, we developed a new in vitro model of the weaning piglet colon (MPigut-IVM) including a mucin bead compartment to reproduce the mucus surface from the gut to which gut microbes can adhere. Our results indicated that the MPigut-IVM is able to establish a representative piglet archaeal and bacterial colon microbiota in terms of taxonomic composition and function. The MPigut-IVM was consequently used to investigate the potential effects of feed deprivation, a common consequence of weaning in piglets, on the microbiota. The lack of nutrients in the MPigut-IVM led to an increased abundance of Prevotellaceae and Escherichia-Shigella and a decrease in Bacteroidiaceae and confirms previous in vivo findings. On top of a strong increase in redox potential, the feed deprivation stress induced modifications of microbial metabolite production such as a decrease in acetate and an increase in proportional valerate, isovalerate and isobutyrate production. The MPigut-IVM is able to simulate luminal and mucosal piglet microbiota and represent an innovative tool for comparative studies to investigate the impact of weaning stressors on piglet microbiota. Besides, weaning-associated feed deprivation in piglets provokes disruptions of MPigut-IVM microbiota composition and functionality and could be implicated in the onset of post-weaning dysbiosis in piglets.

中文翻译：

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断奶相关的饲料剥夺应激导致仔猪结肠新型含粘蛋白体外模型 (MPigut-IVM) 中的微生物群破坏

断奶后腹泻是养猪业的一个主要问题，与巨大的经济损失相关，其病因的危险因素仍有待充分阐明。根据动物实验引起的伦理问题，我们开发了一种新的断奶仔猪结肠 (MPigut-IVM) 体外模型，包括一个粘蛋白珠隔室，以复制肠道微生物可以粘附的肠道粘液表面。我们的结果表明，MPigut-IVM 能够在分类组成和功能方面建立具有代表性的仔猪古菌和细菌结肠微生物群。因此，MPigut-IVM 被用于研究断奶对微生物群的潜在影响，这是仔猪断奶的常见后果。MPigut-IVM 中营养物质的缺乏导致普氏菌科和埃希氏菌-志贺氏菌的丰度增加，以及拟杆菌科的减少，并证实了之前的体内发现。除了氧化还原电位的强劲增加之外，饲料剥夺应激还会诱导微生物代谢物产生的改变，例如乙酸盐的减少和戊酸、异戊酸和异丁酸的比例增加。MPigut-IVM 能够模拟仔猪管腔和粘膜微生物群，是一种创新工具，用于比较研究以研究断奶应激源对仔猪微生物群的影响。此外，仔猪断奶相关的饲料剥夺会破坏 MPigut-IVM 微生物群的组成和功能，并可能与仔猪断奶后生态失调的发生有关。