A Mueller matrix polarization parameter tomographic imaging (MMPPTI) in backscattering configuration for generating the depth-resolved cross sectional images of the polarization parameters of biological tissue is described. First, a theoretical model is proposed, which can be used to directly determine the polarization properties of anisotropic medium from the measured Mueller matrix. Several polarization parameters such as diattenuation of the medium can be expressed in terms of the elements of the measured Mueller matrix. The model proposed can be regarded as a physical interpretation of the symmetric decomposition of a Mueller matrix. To calibrate the new method for generating depth-resolved Mueller matrix images of the media with several polarization effects simultaneously, it is proposed in this work to use porcine liver as a mostly isotropic standard sample. The depth-resolved cross sectional images of 16 elements of the Mueller matrix, and the polarization properties of tissues in vivo and ex vivo are presented to demonstrate the capability of our method. Our MMPPTI method has the potential for being able to image all the polarization parameters of any depolarizing anisotropic medium. The model for MMPPTI in backscattering case can be modified to find the explicit expressions for the polarization parameters of media with some specific anisotropic structures or being imaged in transmitted mode.

描述了反向散射配置中的穆勒矩阵偏振参数断层成像 (MMPPTI)，用于生成生物组织偏振参数的深度分辨横截面图像。首先，提出了一个理论模型，该模型可用于从实测的穆勒矩阵直接确定各向异性介质的偏振特性。几个极化参数，例如介质的衰减，可以用测量的穆勒矩阵的元素来表示。所提出的模型可以看作是对穆勒矩阵对称分解的物理解释。为了校准用于同时生成具有多种偏振效应的介质的深度分辨穆勒矩阵图像的新方法，在这项工作中建议使用猪肝作为主要各向同性的标准样品。展示了穆勒矩阵的 16 个元素的深度分辨横截面图像，以及体内和体外组织的极化特性，以证明我们方法的能力。我们的 MMPPTI 方法有可能对任何去偏振各向异性介质的所有偏振参数进行成像。可以修改后向散射情况下的 MMPPTI 模型，以找到具有某些特定各向异性结构或以透射模式成像的介质的偏振参数的显式表达式。我们的 MMPPTI 方法有可能对任何去偏振各向异性介质的所有偏振参数进行成像。可以修改后向散射情况下的 MMPPTI 模型，以找到具有某些特定各向异性结构或以透射模式成像的介质的偏振参数的显式表达式。我们的 MMPPTI 方法有可能对任何去偏振各向异性介质的所有偏振参数进行成像。可以修改后向散射情况下的 MMPPTI 模型，以找到具有某些特定各向异性结构或以透射模式成像的介质的偏振参数的显式表达式。