Under global change, how biological diversity and ecosystem services are maintained in time is a fundamental question. Ecologists have long argued about multiple mechanisms by which local biodiversity might control the temporal stability of ecosystem properties. Accumulating theories and empirical evidence suggest that, together with different population and community parameters, these mechanisms largely operate through differences in functional traits among organisms. We review potential trait-stability mechanisms together with underlying tests and associated metrics. We identify various trait-based components, each accounting for different stability mechanisms, that contribute to buffering, or propagating, the effect of environmental fluctuations on ecosystem functioning. This comprehensive picture, obtained by combining different puzzle pieces of trait-stability effects, will guide future empirical and modeling investigations.

在全球变化下，如何及时维持生物多样性和生态系统服务是一个基本问题。生态学家长期以来一直争论当地生物多样性可能通过多种机制控制生态系统特性的时间稳定性。越来越多的理论和经验证据表明，连同不同的种群和群落参数，这些机制主要通过生物体之间功能性状的差异来运作。我们回顾了潜在的特征稳定性机制以及基础测试和相关指标。我们确定了各种基于特征的组件，每个组件都解释了不同的稳定性机制，这些组件有助于缓冲或传播环境波动对生态系统功能的影响。这张综合图，