Traditional two-step passive localization methods need to extract the parameters like the direction of arrival (DOA), time of arrival (TOA), and time difference of arrival (TDOA) from the original data to determine the source position, which causes the poor positioning accuracy due to error accumulation. In this paper, a direct position determination (DPD) method is proposed to improve the positioning accuracy and robustness, which is based on a correlation algorithm. Firstly, the cost function directly related to the location of the source can be established by synthesizing the data received by multiantenna in the frequency domain. Then, the position of the source is estimated by the correlation DPD method to search the monitoring area. Compared to the improved TDOA algorithm and Least Squares DPD algorithm, the proposed method shows better localization accuracy of different SNRs. Finally, based on real measured data, it can be seen that the results of the proposed algorithm are better than the improved TDOA algorithm.

中文翻译：

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一种基于分布式天线传感的频域直接定位方法

传统的两步被动定位方法需要从原始数据中提取到达方向（DOA）、到达时间（TOA）、到达时间差（TDOA）等参数来确定源位置，导致定位效果不佳。误差累积导致的定位精度。本文提出了一种基于相关算法的直接定位(DPD)方法来提高定位精度和鲁棒性。首先，通过在频域合成多天线接收到的数据，可以建立与源位置直接相关的代价函数。然后，通过相关DPD方法估计源的位置以搜索监测区域。与改进的 TDOA 算法和最小二乘 DPD 算法相比，所提出的方法显示出更好的不同信噪比的定位精度。最后，基于实测数据可以看出，所提算法的结果优于改进的TDOA算法。