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An exotic herbivore reinforces competition between exotic and native plants
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13686 Yuzu Sakata 1 , Timothy P. Craig 2
中文翻译：
外来草食动物加强了外来植物和本土植物之间的竞争
更新日期：2021-07-09
Journal of Ecology ( IF 5.3 ) Pub Date : 2021-06-01 , DOI: 10.1111/1365-2745.13686 Yuzu Sakata 1 , Timothy P. Craig 2
Affiliation
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- Despite increasing evidence that herbivore-mediated indirect effects play a major role in plant competition, it is unclear how and when they contribute to plant invasiveness. The outcomes of herbivore-mediated indirect effects are primarily dependent on the environment and have complex interactions with the direct interactions between plants.
- We evaluated the herbivore-mediated indirect effects of Solidago altissima (Asteraceae) on other co-occurring native Asteraceae species at multiple sites in a native range [the United States (US)] and in an introduced range (Japan) using common garden experiments. We examined the effect of S. altissima on herbivore damage, above-ground vegetative and reproductive traits of the co-occurring Asteraceae species at sites with different densities of a herbivore, the lace bug, Corythucha marmorata, which is native to the US and introduced in Japan.
- We observed increased lace bug herbivory in plants grown with S. altissima in Japan but decreased lace bug herbivory in the US. We did not find consistent effect of S. altissima on aboveground vegetative production of co-occurring plants in either ranges. Flower production decreased in plants grown with S. altissima in Japan because of both direct competition and increased herbivory. Direct competition and apparent competition via lace bug herbivory interacted to produce a strong negative effect of S. altissima on co-occurring plants only in Japan.
- Synthesis. The findings imply that evolutionary history and the local environment jointly affect herbivore-mediated indirect effects, which play a large role in shaping the pattern of herbivory and plant competition. Another implication of our results is that exotic herbivores may reinforce the negative effects of exotic plants on native plants under high herbivore density environments.
中文翻译：
外来草食动物加强了外来植物和本土植物之间的竞争
- 尽管越来越多的证据表明食草动物介导的间接影响在植物竞争中发挥着重要作用，但尚不清楚它们如何以及何时对植物入侵产生影响。食草动物介导的间接影响的结果主要取决于环境，并且与植物之间的直接相互作用具有复杂的相互作用。
- 我们使用常见的花园实验评估了草食动物介导的一枝黄花（菊科）对本地范围 [美国（美国）] 和引入范围（日本）多个地点的其他共生本地菊科物种的间接影响。我们检查了S. altissima对草食动物损害、地上营养和繁殖特性的影响，在草食动物密度不同的地方，花边虫Corythucha marmorata原产于美国并被引入。在日本。
- 我们观察到在日本用S. altissima种植的植物中花边虫食草性增加，但在美国减少花边虫食草性。我们没有发现S. altissima对任一范围内共生植物的地上营养生产的一致影响。由于直接竞争和食草性增加，日本用S. altissima种植的植物的花卉产量下降。直接竞争和通过花边虫食草的明显竞争相互作用，仅在日本对S. altissima 的共生植物产生强烈的负面影响。
- 合成。研究结果表明，进化历史和当地环境共同影响食草动物介导的间接效应，这在塑造食草动物和植物竞争模式方面发挥着重要作用。我们的结果的另一个含义是外来食草动物可能会加强外来植物在高食草动物密度环境下对本地植物的负面影响。
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