The last decades have seen an increasing interest in cycling aerodynamics, with the design of more aerodynamic bicycles and wearable equipment such as helmets and skinsuits and the development and application of new cyclist positions. Moreover, a better understanding of the flow topology around a cyclist and of the aerodynamic interaction between cyclists and other cyclists and nearby vehicles has been gained. However, some knowledge – albeit mainly empirical – of the impact of aerodynamics on cycling performance was already known in late 1800s and early 1900s; as shown by the design of recumbent bicycles and aerodynamic fairings, the adoption of dropped cyclist positions and the organization of drafting races. The goal of this paper is to demonstrate the evolution of aerodynamic knowledge in cycling from the early days to the most recent state-of-the-art to efficiently drive future studies. Therefore, this paper provides a comprehensive review of the history and state-of-the-art in cyclist aerodynamics, focused on three aspects: (i) cycling flow topology and the wind influence; (ii) the aerodynamics of a single cyclist and his/her wearable components; and (iii) the aerodynamic interaction between a cyclist and other cyclists or nearby vehicles. Finally, some future perspectives about cyclist aerodynamics are provided.

在过去的几十年里，随着更多空气动力学自行车和可穿戴设备（如头盔和紧身衣）的设计以及新自行车位置的开发和应用，人们对自行车空气动力学越来越感兴趣。此外，对骑自行车者周围的流动拓扑以及骑自行车者与其他骑自行车者和附近车辆之间的空气动力学相互作用有了更好的理解。然而，在 1800 年代末和 1900 年代初，关于空气动力学对自行车性能影响的一些知识（尽管主要是经验性的）已经为人所知。正如卧式自行车和空气动力学整流罩的设计、采用下落式自行车位置和组织选拔比赛所表明的那样。本文的目的是展示自行车空气动力学知识从早期到最新的最先进技术的演变，以有效推动未来的研究。因此，本文对自行车空气动力学的历史和最新技术进行了全面回顾，重点关注三个方面：（i）自行车流拓扑和风影响；(ii) 单个自行车手及其可穿戴组件的空气动力学；(iii) 骑自行车者与其他骑自行车者或附近车辆之间的空气动力学相互作用。最后，提供了有关骑自行车者空气动力学的一些未来观点。(ii) 单个自行车手及其可穿戴组件的空气动力学；(iii) 骑自行车者与其他骑自行车者或附近车辆之间的空气动力学相互作用。最后，提供了有关骑自行车者空气动力学的一些未来观点。(ii) 单个自行车手及其可穿戴组件的空气动力学；(iii) 骑自行车者与其他骑自行车者或附近车辆之间的空气动力学相互作用。最后，提供了有关骑自行车者空气动力学的一些未来观点。