Compared to other crops, maize production demands relatively high temperatures. However, temperatures exceeding 35°C lead to adverse effects on maize yield. High temperatures (≥ 35°C) are consistently experienced by summer maize during its reproductive growth stage in the North China Plain, which is likely to cause irreversible crop damage. This study investigated the effects of elevating temperature (ET) treatment on the yield component of summer maize, beginning at the 9th unfolding leaf stage and ending at the tasseling stage. Results demonstrated that continuous ET led to a decrease in the elongation rate and activity of silks and an elongated interval between anthesis and silking stages, and eventually decreased grain number at ear tip and reduced yield. Although continuous ET before tasseling damaged the anther structure, reduced pollen activity, delayed the start of the pollen shedding stage, and shortened the pollen shedding time, it was inferred, based on phenotypical and physiological traits, that continuous ET after the 9th unfolding leaf stage influenced ears and therefore may have more significant impacts. Overall, when maize plants were exposed to ET treatment in the ear reproductive development stage, the growth of ears and tassels was blocked, which increased the occurrence of barren ear tips and led to large yield losses.

与其他作物相比，玉米生产需要相对较高的温度。然而，超过 35°C 的温度会对玉米产量产生不利影响。夏玉米在华北平原的生殖生长阶段持续经历高温（≥ 35°C），这很可能对作物造成不可逆转的损害。本研究调查了升高温度 (ET) 处理对夏玉米产量构成的影响，从第 9 展开叶期开始到雄穗期结束。结果表明，连续ET导致蚕丝伸长率和活性降低，开花期和吐丝期之间的间隔延长，最终导致穗尖粒数减少和产量降低。尽管雄蕊前连续的 ET 破坏了花药结构，降低花粉活性，延迟花粉脱落阶段的开始，缩短花粉脱落时间，根据表型和生理特征推断，在第 9 展开叶期后持续 ET 对耳朵产生了影响，因此可能产生更显着的影响。总体而言，玉米植株在穗生殖发育阶段接受ET处理后，穗和雄穗的生长受阻，增加了穗尖不育的发生率，导致产量损失较大。