Purpose

The global car crash fatalities are mostly due to the frontal collisions. The head-on collision of a car leads to the dangerous intrusion of the bumper and other frontal parts of the vehicle towards the passenger compartment. The frontal structure needs to have a proper adaptable crash energy absorption system to reduce the intrusion. A new crash energy absorption system combined with a Magneto-Rheological Absorber (MRA) has been proposed to meet the above requirements.

Methods

The design and modeling of the system based on magneto-rheological (MR) technology generally comprise of mathematical formulation, numerical simulation, and validation with a physical test. The current work focuses on lumped parameter modeling (LPM) of a light passenger car equipped with MRA in serial and parallel configurations. The modified Bouc–Wen model has been used in the design of MRA as it is the most standard form to model non-linear hysteretic systems. In this work, six new models are proposed by varying the position of MRA in the standard one degree of freedom (DoF) Kelvin–Voigt model and two-DoF model. The performance of the proposed models has been simulated in MATLAB–SIMULINK environment, considering various initial velocities of the vehicle by supplying different voltages to MRA.

Results

The results show that three of the six proposed models exhibit better crash kinematic responses than the base models, which are experimentally validated and available in existing literature. Finally, the MRA behavior has been captured to validate its effectiveness in the design of the crash energy absorption system. The proposed methods are also useful in the development of crash mitigation devices in electric vehicles (EVs). The results obtained would be utilized in design of a multi-stage crash energy absorption system.

Conclusion

Thus, the collision energy absorption system with add-on MRAs behaves as a semi-active system. It is efficient during various high-speed impacts and can be implemented practically. The proposed methods are also useful in the development of crash mitigation devices in electric vehicles (EVs).

中文翻译：

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集成磁流变吸收器的碰撞能量吸收系统设计与仿真

目的

全球车祸死亡人数主要是由于正面碰撞。汽车的正面碰撞导致保险杠和车辆的其他前部部件危险地侵入乘客舱。正面结构需要有适当的适应性碰撞能量吸收系统，以减少侵入。为了满足上述要求，提出了一种结合磁流变吸收器 (MRA) 的新型碰撞能量吸收系统。

方法

基于磁流变 (MR) 技术的系统的设计和建模通常包括数学公式、数值模拟和物理测试验证。目前的工作重点是在串行和并行配置中配备 MRA 的轻型客车的集总参数建模 (LPM)。改进的 Bouc-Wen 模型已用于 MRA 的设计，因为它是建模非线性滞后系统的最标准形式。在这项工作中，通过改变 MRA 在标准一自由度 (DoF) Kelvin-Voigt 模型和二自由度模型中的位置，提出了六个新模型。所提出模型的性能已在 MATLAB-SIMULINK 环境中进行了仿真，通过向 MRA 提供不同的电压，考虑了车辆的各种初始速度。

结果

结果表明，六个提出的模型中的三个表现出比基础模型更好的碰撞运动响应，这些模型经过实验验证并在现有文献中可用。最后，已捕获 MRA 行为以验证其在碰撞能量吸收系统设计中的有效性。所提出的方法也可用于开发电动汽车 (EV) 中的碰撞缓解装置。获得的结果将用于设计多级碰撞能量吸收系统。

结论

因此，带有附加 MRA 的碰撞能量吸收系统表现为半主动系统。它在各种高速冲击下效率高，可以实际实施。所提出的方法也可用于开发电动汽车 (EV) 中的碰撞缓解装置。