Electric aircraft propulsion is a growing research area that looks into achieving propulsion through fully electric or hybrid electric systems while achieving low ${\mathrm{CO}}_2$ emissions. The system-level benefit gained by different electric and hybrid-electric propulsion schemes depends heavily on the performance of system-level components in the electric drive-train, including the electric motor, gear box, motor drive, protection systems, as well as the thermal management system. When comparing motor topologies, it is important to understand performance measures such as efficiency and specific power on a drive system level. Many different motor types have been qualitatively compared and can be found in the literature. To guide appropriate component selection, this paper presents details of a quantitative study for a given electric propulsion drive system. A Pareto optimal front for a notional drive system of a 1.5 MW electrical propulsor with different motor types is generated and compared. An optimization algorithm coupled with an electromagnetic finite element analysis software tool was used to optimize the induction motor, switched reluctance motor, wound rotor synchronous motor, permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM), slotless PMSM, permanent-magnet-assisted synchronous reluctance motor, brushless DC motor, and brushless doubly fed reluctance motor types for efficiency and specific power. Overall advantages considering system-level efficiency, specific power, and a few other key metrics such as origin of losses, cooling complexity, manufacturing tolerance, and fault tolerance are discussed. This gives an indication of the relative performance of different motor types and confirms the overall advantage of PM motor topologies in aircraft propulsion.

电动飞机推进是一个不断发展的研究领域，它着眼于通过全电动或混合电动系统实现推进，同时实现低 ${\mathrm{二氧化碳}}_2$排放。不同电动和混合动力推进方案获得的系统级优势在很大程度上取决于电动传动系统中系统级组件的性能，包括电动机、齿轮箱、电机驱动、保护系统以及热管理系统。比较电机拓扑时，了解驱动系统级别的效率和比功率等性能指标非常重要。许多不同的电机类型已经进行了定性比较，可以在文献中找到。为了指导适当的组件选择，本文提供了对给定电力推进驱动系统进行定量研究的详细信息。生成并比较了具有不同电机类型的 1.5 MW 电力推进器的名义驱动系统的帕累托最优前沿。采用优化算法结合电磁有限元分析软件工具对感应电机、开关磁阻电机、绕线转子同步电机、永磁同步电机（PMSM）、无槽永磁同步电机、永磁辅助同步磁阻电机、无刷电机进行优化。直流电机和无刷双馈磁阻电机类型，以提高效率和比功率。讨论了考虑到系统级效率、比功率和其他一些关键指标（如损耗来源、冷却复杂性、制造容差和容错）的整体优势。这表明了不同电机类型的相对性能，并证实了永磁电机拓扑在飞机推进中的整体优势。