Vegetated areas on the beach can reduce tsunami heights and reduce the loss of life and property damage in coasts. Thick trunks and tangled branches attenuate tsunami waves. In this study, a numerical model is developed based on the finite volume method for simulating tsunami flooding. This model is used to simulate the solitary wave run-up propagation on sloping beaches with and without vegetation. The shallow water equations are used, also the effect of drag force due to vegetation is applied in the momentum equation. The HLLC approximate Riemann solver is selected, and the model is developed to second-order accuracy using the Weighted Average Flux method. After verification of the present model, the model is applied for simulation of solitary wave on a sloping beach. The present model results are compared to the available experimental data and another numerical model. The present numerical results reveal that as forest belt’s width increases, the height, velocity, and force of the tsunami waves decrease. Therefore, to further reduce the tsunami energy, a wider belt is recommended. Also, the effect of different tsunami wave heights on the rate of wave reduction has been investigated. In some areas, the presence of high tsunami waves causes to submerge the vegetation. Consequently, the drag force and the damping rate of the wave decrease. Therefore, the height of the forest zone and the height of the tsunami waves are important parameters.

中文翻译：

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植被斜坡滩上冲水和土地淹没的数值模拟

海滩上的植被区可以降低海啸高度，并减少沿海地区的生命和财产损失。粗壮的树干和缠结的树枝减弱了海啸波。在这项研究中，基于有限体积法开发了一种模拟海啸洪水的数值模型。该模型用于模拟在有和没有植被的倾斜海滩上的孤波助推传播。使用浅水方程，在动量方程中也应用了植被的阻力效应。选择 HLLC 近似黎曼求解器，并使用加权平均通量方法将模​​型发展到二阶精度。对现有模型进行验证后，将该模型应用于斜坡海滩上的孤浪模拟。目前的模型结果与可用的实验数据和另一个数值模型进行了比较。目前的数值结果表明，随着森林带宽度的增加，海啸波的高度、速度和力量会降低。因此，为了进一步减少海啸能量，建议使用更宽的腰带。此外，还研究了不同海啸波高对减波率的影响。在某些地区，高海啸波的存在导致植被被淹没。因此，波浪的阻力和阻尼率降低。因此，森林带的高度和海啸波的高度是重要的参数。为了进一步减少海啸能量，建议使用更宽的腰带。此外，还研究了不同海啸波高对减波率的影响。在某些地区，高海啸波的存在导致植被被淹没。因此，波浪的阻力和阻尼率降低。因此，森林带的高度和海啸波的高度是重要的参数。为了进一步减少海啸能量，建议使用更宽的腰带。此外，还研究了不同海啸波高对减波率的影响。在某些地区，高海啸波的存在导致植被被淹没。因此，波浪的阻力和阻尼率降低。因此，森林带的高度和海啸波的高度是重要的参数。