Abstract

Industrial dye wastewater contains a high saline concentration and is of an alkaline condition that may inhibit biological treatment. Finding suitable methods for the application of biological decolorisation is important. This research aimed to compare dye biodecolorization by Bjerkandera adusta SM46 using three different methods: (1) alginate-packed bioreactor (APB), (2) submerged-immobilised beads (SIB), and (3) submerged-free cell (SFC) under saline-alkaline and non-saline conditions. Five synthetic dyes with different molecular properties were used: Remazol brilliant blue R (RBBR), Azure B (AB), Brilliant red (BR), Brilliant green (BG), and Reactive green (RG). The results show that B. adusta SM46 was able to decolourise 10.8–97.3% of the dye samples in all methods and conditions, and even up to concentration 500 mg/L under the saline-alkaline condition. Evaluation of kinetic studies revealed the effectivity of the dye removal in SFC over SIB and APB. The highest degradation rate constant (k₁) was achieved for RBBR and the lowest k₁ was for RG. The values of k₁ for SFC, SIB and APB were 0.034, 0.024, and 0.015 respectively for RBBR and 0.013, 0.003, and 0.004 respectively for RG. Treatment using submerged-free cell (SFC) resulted in the greatest and most rapid decolorisation, compared with all other treatments except BR. However, immobilisation on alginate beads increased the reusability of the fungus for sequential batches under saline-alkaline stress. Therefore, selection of a suitable method for dye decolorisation could be proposed, allowing enhancement of the removal process under high saline-alkaline stress, which is usually found in industrial dye wastewater.

摘要

工业染料废水含有高盐浓度，呈碱性，可能会抑制生物处理。寻找适合生物脱色应用的方法很重要。本研究旨在比较Bjerkandera adusta SM46 使用三种不同方法对染料的生物脱色：（1）藻酸盐填充生物反应器（APB），（2）浸没固定珠（SIB），和（3）无浸没细胞（SFC）盐碱和非盐条件。使用了五种具有不同分子特性的合成染料：Remazol 亮蓝 R (RBBR)、Azure B (AB)、亮红 (BR)、亮绿 (BG) 和活性绿 (RG)。结果表明，B. adusta在所有方法和条件下，SM46 能够使 10.8-97.3% 的染料样品脱色，在盐碱条件下甚至可以达到 500 mg/L 的浓度。对动力学研究的评估揭示了 SFC 中染料去除效果优于 SIB 和 APB。RBBR 的降解速率常数 ( k _{1 ) 最高，而 RG 的}k ₁最低。k ₁的值对于 SFC，SIB 和 APB 对于 RBBR 分别为 0.034、0.024 和 0.015，对于 RG 分别为 0.013、0.003 和 0.004。与除 BR 之外的所有其他处理相比，使用无浸没电池 (SFC) 的处理导致最大和最快速的脱色。然而，固定在藻酸盐珠上增加了真菌在盐碱胁迫下连续批次的可重复使用性。因此，可以建议选择合适的染料脱色方法，从而在工业染料废水中常见的高盐碱胁迫下增强去除过程。