MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small (∼21 nucleotides), endogenous, non-coding RNA molecules implicated in the post-transcriptional gene regulation performed through target mRNA cleavage or translational inhibition. In recent years, several investigations have demonstrated that miRNAs are involved in regulating both carbohydrate and lipid homeostasis in humans and other organisms. Moreover, it has been observed that the dysregulation of these metabolism-related miRNAs leads to the development of several metabolic disorders, such as type 2 diabetes, obesity, nonalcoholic fatty liver, insulin resistance, and hyperlipidemia. Hence, in this current review, with the aim to impulse the research arena of the micro-transcriptome implications in vital metabolic pathways as well as to highlight the remarkable potential of miRNAs as therapeutic targets for metabolic disorders in humans, we provide an overview of the regulatory roles of metabolism-associated miRNAs in humans and murine models.

MicroRNA (miRNA) 是小的（~21 个核苷酸）、内源性非编码 RNA 分子，参与通过靶标 mRNA 切割或翻译抑制进行的转录后基因调控。近年来，一些研究表明 miRNA 参与调节人类和其他生物体的碳水化合物和脂质稳态。此外，已经观察到这些代谢相关 miRNA 的失调会导致多种代谢紊乱的发生，例如 2 型糖尿病、肥胖症、非酒精性脂肪肝、胰岛素抵抗和高脂血症。因此，在本次审查中，