ABSTRACT

Currently, there is a growing market demand for dehydrated green mango powder for the development of value-added products. Preservation of green mangoes through drying is a good option. In this study, the influence of pretreatments and drying temperatures on drying kinetics and physicochemical properties of dried product was investigated. The sliced (4 mm thickness) green mango samples were pretreated with hot water blanching at 98°C for 3 min, 3% (w/v) ascorbic acid, and 3% (w/v) calcium chloride solutions for 1 h at room temperature (30°C). The pretreated and untreated samples were dried at 50, 60, and 70°C with an air velocity of 2.25 m/s. The dried products were ground to powder and evaluated physicochemical quality in terms of bulk and tapped density, flowability, water solubility index, rehydration capacity, total soluble solids, pH and ascorbic acid. It was observed that the moisture removal rate increased while increasing the drying temperature, and pretreated (blanching) samples dried faster than untreated samples. The experimental data were fitted to four models and evaluated for their ability to describe the drying behavior and predict the drying kinetics, of which the Logarithmic model was found to be the best. Effective moisture diffusivity and activation energy were estimated using Fick’s second law of moisture diffusion and the Arrhenius-type equation, respectively, and corresponding values were 1.209 × 10⁻⁷ to 1.566 × 10⁻⁷ m²/s and 43.873 to 44.403 kJ/mol. The samples treated with blanching and ascorbic acid showed higher physical properties and ascorbic acid content, respectively.

摘要

目前，用于开发增值产品的脱水青芒果粉的市场需求不断增长。通过干燥保存青芒果是一个不错的选择。在这项研究中，研究了预处理和干燥温度对干燥产品的干燥动力学和理化性质的影响。将切片（4 毫米厚）的青芒果样品用热水在 98°C 下烫漂 3 分钟、3% (w/v) 抗坏血酸和 3% (w/v) 氯化钙溶液在室温下预处理 1 小时温度 (30°C)。预处理和未处理的样品在 50、60 和 70°C 下以 2.25 m/s 的空气速度干燥。将干燥的产品研磨成粉末，并根据体积和振实密度、流动性、水溶性指数、再水化能力、总可溶性固体、pH 值和抗坏血酸。观察到水分去除率随着干燥温度的增加而增加，并且预处理（热烫）的样品比未处理的样品干燥得更快。将实验数据拟合到四个模型并评估它们描述干燥行为和预测干燥动力学的能力，其中对数模型被认为是最好的。有效水分扩散率和活化能分别使用 Fick 水分扩散第二定律和 Arrhenius 型方程估算，对应值为 1.209 × 10 将实验数据拟合到四个模型并评估它们描述干燥行为和预测干燥动力学的能力，其中对数模型被认为是最好的。有效水分扩散率和活化能分别使用 Fick 水分扩散第二定律和 Arrhenius 型方程估算，对应值为 1.209 × 10 将实验数据拟合到四个模型并评估它们描述干燥行为和预测干燥动力学的能力，其中对数模型被认为是最好的。有效水分扩散率和活化能分别使用 Fick 水分扩散第二定律和 Arrhenius 型方程估算，对应值为 1.209 × 10^-7至 1.566 × 10 ^-7 m ² /s 和 43.873 至 44.403 kJ/mol。用热烫和抗坏血酸处理的样品分别显示出更高的物理性质和抗坏血酸含量。