This is the first paper that analyzes for a global sample of countries how trade agreements that include technology-related provisions impact exports of goods, and how this impact differs depending on the technology content of the goods. It includes estimations of a structural gravity model for a panel of 176 countries over the period 1995–2015. The model differentiates between provisions relating technology transfer, technical cooperation, research and development, and patents and intellectual property rights. It also estimates the differences in these effects depending on whether the trade flow in question is between countries with similar or different levels of development. The main results indicate that regional trade agreements (RTAs) that contain technology provisions generate a significantly higher volume of trade than RTAs that do not, after controlling for the depth of the RTAs. For countries that ratify RTAs that include such provisions, it is exports of technology-intensive goods that increase the most. Trade agreements including such provisions have a heterogeneous effect that varies by income level of the trading partners and depends on the extent to which the RTA incorporates other provisions.

这是第一篇针对全球样本国家分析包含技术相关条款的贸易协定如何影响商品出口的论文，以及这种影响如何因商品的技术含量而异。它包括对 1995 年至 2015 年期间 176 个国家的面板结构重力模型的估计。该模型区分了有关技术转让、技术合作、研究和开发以及专利和知识产权的条款。它还根据所讨论的贸易流是在具有相似还是不同发展水平的国家之间估计这些影响的差异。主要结果表明，包含技术条款的区域贸易协定 (RTA) 产生的贸易量明显高于不包含技术条款的区域贸易协定，在控制 RTA 的深度之后。对于批准包含此类条款的区域贸易协定的国家而言，技术密集型商品的出口增长最快。包含此类条款的贸易协定具有不同的影响，因贸易伙伴的收入水平而异，并取决于 RTA 纳入其他条款的程度。