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Impact of supplementation with vitamins B6, B12, and/or folic acid on the reduction of homocysteine levels in patients with mild cognitive impairment: A systematic review
IUBMB Life ( IF 3.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-05-31 , DOI: 10.1002/iub.2507
Gloria Olaso-Gonzalez 1 , Marco Inzitari 2, 3 , Giuseppe Bellelli 4 , Alessandro Morandi 2, 5 , Núria Barcons 6 , José Viña 1
Affiliation  

Hyperhomocysteinemia is an independent predictor of the risk for cognitive decline and may be a result of low levels of vitamins B12, B6, and folate. Previous findings suggest that adequate intake of these vitamins may reduce homocysteine levels. This review aimed to assess the effects of treatment with vitamins B6, B12, and/or folic acid in the homocysteine levels in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI). A systematic literature review was conducted in EMBASE, MEDLINE®, PsycINFO, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The research question was formulated using the Population, Intervention, Comparison, and Outcome (PICO) framework: in patients with MCI (P); what is the efficacy of vitamins B6, B12, and/or folic acid intake (I); compared with baseline values, and/or compared with controls (C); in reducing homocysteine levels from baseline (O). A total of eight primary studies with a total of 1,140 participants were included in the review. Four were randomized controlled trials, one was a quasi-controlled trial, and three were observational studies. All studies included folic acid in their intervention, seven vitamin B12, and four vitamin B6. Mean (SD) length of the intervention period was 18.8 (19.3) months, ranging from 1 to 60 months. All studies showed a statistically significant decrease in homocysteine levels in groups treated with vitamins B6, B12, and/or folic acid compared to controls, with a mean decline of homocysteine concentration of 31.9% in the intervention arms whereas it increased by 0.7% in the control arm. This review identified evidence of a reduction of plasma homocysteine levels in MCI patients taking vitamins B6, B12, and/or folic acid supplements, with statistically significant declines being observed after 1 month of supplementation. Findings support that supplementation with these vitamins might be an option to reduce homocysteine levels in people with MCI and elevated plasma homocysteine.

中文翻译:

补充维生素 B6、B12 和/或叶酸对降低轻度认知障碍患者同型半胱氨酸水平的影响:系统评价

高同型半胱氨酸血症是认知能力下降风险的独立预测因素,可能是维生素 B 12、B 6和叶酸水平低的结果。先前的研究结果表明,摄入足够的这些维生素可能会降低同型半胱氨酸水平。本综述旨在评估维生素 B 6、 B 12和/或叶酸治疗对轻度认知障碍 (MCI) 患者同型半胱氨酸水平的影响。在 EMBASE、MEDLINE®、PsycINFO 和 Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials 中进行了系统的文献回顾。研究问题是使用人口、干预、比较和结果 (PICO) 框架制定的:在 MCI 患者中 (P);维生素B 6的功效是什么、B 12和/或叶酸摄入量 (I);与基线值比较,和/或与对照比较 (C);从基线(O)降低同型半胱氨酸水平。该评价共纳入了 8 项主要研究,共有 1,140 名参与者。四项为随机对照试验,一项为准对照试验,三项为观察性研究。所有研究都在干预中加入了叶酸、七种维生素 B 12和四种维生素 B 6。干预期的平均 ( SD ) 长度为 18.8 (19.3) 个月,范围为 1 至 60 个月。所有研究均显示维生素 B 6、 B 12治疗组的同型半胱氨酸水平显着降低和/或叶酸与对照组相比,干预组同型半胱氨酸浓度平均下降 31.9%,而对照组增加 0.7%。本综述确定了服用维生素 B 6、 B 12和/或叶酸补充剂的 MCI 患者血浆同型半胱氨酸水平降低的证据,补充 1 个月后观察到统计学上显着的下降。研究结果支持补充这些维生素可能是降低 MCI 和血浆同型半胱氨酸升高患者同型半胱氨酸水平的一种选择。
更新日期:2021-05-31
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