We present a systematic spectral-timing analysis of a fast appearance/disappearance of a type-B quasi-periodic oscillation (QPO), observed in four Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) observations of MAXI J1348−630. By comparing the spectra of the period with and without the type-B QPO, we found that the main difference appears at energy bands above ∼2 keV, suggesting that the QPO emission is dominated by the hard Comptonized component. During the transition, a change in the relative contribution of the disc and Comptonized emission was observed. The disc flux decreased while the Comptonized flux increased from non-QPO to type-B QPO. However, the total flux did not change too much in the NICER band. Our results reveal that the type-B QPO is associated with a redistribution of accretion power between the disc and Comptonized emission. When the type-B QPO appears, more accretion power is dissipated into the Comptonized region than in the disc. Our spectral fits give a hint that the increased Comptonized emission may come from an additional component that is related to the base of the jet.

中文翻译：

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NICER 揭示了候选黑洞 MAXI J1348−630 中 B 型准周期振荡的瞬态特性

我们对 MAXI J1348-630 的四个中子星内部成分探测器 (NICER) 观测中观察到的 B 型准周期振荡 (QPO) 的快速出现/消失进行了系统的光谱时序分析。通过比较有和没有 B 型 QPO 的周期光谱，我们发现主要差异出现在~2 keV 以上的能带，表明 QPO 发射由硬康普顿成分支配。在过渡期间，观察到圆盘和康普顿发射的相对贡献发生了变化。圆盘通量减少，而康普顿化通量从非 QPO 增加到 B 型 QPO。然而，总通量在 NICER 波段中没有太大变化。我们的结果表明，B 型 QPO 与圆盘和康普顿发射之间的吸积功率重新分配有关。当 B 型 QPO 出现时，消耗在 Comptonized 区域的吸积能力比在圆盘中消耗的多。我们的光谱拟合暗示增加的康普顿化发射可能来自与喷流底部相关的附加成分。