This study aimed to investigate the relationship among CO₂ emissions, exports of goods and services, and foreign direct investment (FDI) inflows in countries in the MENA region over the period 2002–2014. To that end, spatial panel simultaneous equations model based on the adjacency-based and distance-based weight matrices was used. The findings indicated that the results of spatial panel simultaneous equations with distance-based weight matrix were more fitting than those with adjacency-based weight matrix. The empirical findings approved a two-way linkage between CO₂ emissions and exports and a one-way linkage between CO₂ emissions and FDI inflows and also, between FDI inflows and exports. Furthermore, the existence of the spatial correlations among the CO₂ emissions, exports and FDI inflows across countries was confirmed. It was further indicated that fossil fuel energy consumption was the main determinant of CO₂ emissions, and accession to the WTO played a major role in enhancing exports and FDI inflows. The present study can provide new insights for policymakers and planners to not only consider the economic benefits of exporting goods and services and FDI inflows, but also attend their environmental impacts on local and neighboring countries.

本研究旨在调查2002 年至 2014 年期间中东和北非地区国家的CO ₂排放、商品和服务出口以及外国直接投资 (FDI) 流入之间的关系。为此，使用了基于基于邻接和基于距离的权重矩阵的空间面板联立方程模型。结果表明，基于距离权重矩阵的空间面板联立方程的结果比基于邻接权重矩阵的结果更拟合。实证结果证实了 CO ₂排放和出口之间的双向联系以及 CO ₂排放和 FDI 流入之间以及 FDI 流入和出口之间的单向联系。此外，CO 之间存在空间相关性₂各国的排放量、出口量和外国直接投资流入量得到确认。进一步指出，化石燃料能源消耗是CO ₂排放的主要决定因素，加入世贸组织在促进出口和外国直接投资流入方面发挥了重要作用。本研究可为决策者和规划者提供新的见解，不仅要考虑出口商品和服务以及 FDI 流入的经济效益，还要考虑它们对当地和邻国的环境影响。