Abstract: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common disease of childhood, and some patients experience a prolonged clinical course into adolescence and adulthood. Systemic management is required when AD is not adequately controlled with topical medications. Our aim is to provide a comprehensive review of commonly used systemic immunomodulating agents in childhood and adult AD, including cyclosporine A (CsA), azathioprine (AZA), methotrexate (MTX) and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF), which are prescribed off-label in the United States, as well as dupilumab, an FDA-approved biologic. We will also provide a brief overview of emerging systemic therapies currently under investigation.

Keywords: eczema, adults, pediatric, treatment, dupilumab

中文翻译：

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特应性皮炎系统治疗的现状

摘要：特应性皮炎（AD）是儿童期常见病，部分患者临床病程延长至青春期和成年期。当外用药物不能充分控制 AD 时，需要系统管理。我们的目的是对儿童和成人 AD 中常用的全身免疫调节剂进行全面审查，包括环孢素 A (CsA)、硫唑嘌呤 (AZA)、甲氨蝶呤 (MTX) 和霉酚酸酯 (MMF)，这些药物在美国，以及 FDA 批准的生物制剂 dupilumab。我们还将简要概述目前正在研究的新兴全身疗法。

关键词：湿疹，成人，儿科，治疗，dupilumab