ZnO semiconductor is an ideal n-type window material for a solar cell owing to both the abundance of zinc in nature and its stable structure. The preparation of ZnO thin films with proper crystallinity is still possible only with expensive production methods. It is challenging to grow high quality ZnO thin film by the sol-gel spin coating method which is simple and low-cost. Generally, ZnO thin films prepared by spin coating method demonstrate poor crystallinity properties. The crystallinity of ZnO and hence the heterojunction efficiency can be enhanced, by simply improving the solution process. Additionally, the comparison of solar cell efficiency based on the quality of ZnO thin film prepared by the spin coating method in the literature is still a deficiency. Therefore, in this study, the semiconductor properties of ZnO thin films prepared by a spin coating method using the improved solution process compared to our previous study were investigated. The p-Cu₂O thin film electrodeposition was achieved by our novel low-cost two-electrode cell utilizing a simple DC power supply and microammeter. The semiconductor properties of ZnO thin films and their impacts on ZnO/Cu₂O bilayer heterojunction efficiency were elaborated by means of structural, optoelectronic, and I–V characterizations. The crystal quality of ZnO has been significantly improved, and a large increase in the output current and voltage of the fabricated solar cells has been achieved.

由于自然界中锌含量丰富且结构稳定，ZnO 半导体是太阳能电池的理想 n 型窗口材料。只有使用昂贵的生产方法才能制备具有适当结晶度的 ZnO 薄膜。通过溶胶-凝胶旋涂法制备高质量的 ZnO 薄膜具有挑战性，该方法简单且成本低。通常，通过旋涂法制备的 ZnO 薄膜表现出较差的结晶性能。通过简单地改进溶液工艺，可以提高 ZnO 的结晶度，从而提高异质结效率。此外，文献中基于旋涂法制备的ZnO薄膜质量的太阳能电池效率比较仍然存在不足。因此，在本研究中，与我们之前的研究相比，研究了使用改进的溶液工艺通过旋涂法制备的 ZnO 薄膜的半导体特性。p-Cu₂ O 薄膜电沉积是通过我们使用简单的直流电源和微安计的新型低成本两电极电池实现的。通过结构、光电和I-V表征详细阐述了ZnO 薄膜的半导体特性及其对 ZnO/Cu ₂ O 双层异质结效率的影响。ZnO 的晶体质量得到了显着改善，并且实现了制造的太阳能电池的输出电流和电压的大幅提高。