An implantable optrode with micro-thermal detectors was designed to investigate the availability and safety of INS using high repetition rates. Optical auditory brainstem responses (oABRs) were recorded in normal-hearing guinea pigs, and the energy thresholds, pulse durations, and amplitudes evoked by the varied stimulus repetitions were analyzed. Stable oABRs could be evoked through INS even as the repetition rate of stimulation reached 19kHz. The energy threshold of oABRs was elevated, the amplitudes decreased as pulse durations increased and repetition rates were higher, and the latencies were delayed as the pulse durations increased. The temperature variation curves on the site of stimulation significantly increased as the pulse duration increased to 400 μs. INS elevated the temperature around the stimulus site area via thermal accumulation during radiation, especially when higher repetition stimuli were used. Our results demonstrate that high repetition infrared stimulations can safely evoke stable and available oABRs in normal-hearing guinea pigs.

中文翻译：

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通过植入式光极以高重复率进行红外神经刺激的可用性和安全性评估

一种带有微热探测器的植入式光极被设计用于研究使用高重复率的 INS 的可用性和安全性。在听力正常的豚鼠中记录光学听觉脑干反应 (oABR)，并分析由不同刺激重复引起的能量阈值、脉冲持续时间和振幅。即使刺激的重复率达到 19，也可以通过 INS 诱发稳定的 oABR千赫。oABRs 的能量阈值升高，幅度随着脉冲持续时间的增加和重复率的提高而降低，并且延迟随着脉冲持续时间的增加而延迟。随着脉冲持续时间增加到 400，刺激部位的温度变化曲线显着增加μs。INS 通过辐射过程中的热积累提高了刺激部位周围的温度，尤其是在使用更高重复刺激时。我们的研究结果表明，高重复红外刺激可以安全地在听力正常的豚鼠中唤起稳定且可用的 oABR。