Homoaggregation of dispersed particles, i.e., aggregation of particles of the same shape, charge, size, and composition, is a well-studied field and various theoretical and experimental approaches exist to understand the major phenomena involved in such processes. Besides, heteroaggregation of particles, i.e., aggregation of particles of different shape, charge, size, or composition, has attracted widespread interest due to its relevance in various biomedical, industrial, and environmental systems. For instance, heteroaggregation of plastic contaminant particles with naturally occurring solid materials in waters (e.g., clays, silica and organic polymers) plays an important role in the decontamination technologies. Moreover, nanofabrication processes involving heteroaggregation of particles to prepare novel composite materials are widely implemented in fundamental science and in more applied disciplines. In such procedures, stable particle dispersions are mixed and the desired structure forms owing to the presence of interparticle forces of various origins, which can be tuned by performing appropriate surface functionalization as well as altering the experimental conditions. These composites are widely used in different fields from sensing through catalysis to biomedical delivery. The present review summarizes the recent progresses in the field including new findings regarding the basic principles in particle heteroaggregation, preparation strategies of heteroaggregated structures of different morphology, and the application of the obtained hybrid composites. Such information will be very helpful to those involved in the design of novel composites consisting of different nano or colloidal particles.

分散颗粒的均聚，即具有相同形状、电荷、尺寸和组成的颗粒的聚集，是一个经过充分研究的领域，存在各种理论和实验方法来了解此类过程中涉及的主要现象。此外，粒子的杂聚集，即不同形状、电荷、大小或组成的粒子的聚集，由于其在各种生物医学、工业和环境系统中的相关性而引起了广泛的兴趣。例如，塑料污染物颗粒与水中天然存在的固体材料（例如粘土、二氧化硅和有机聚合物）的异质聚集在净化技术中起着重要作用。而且，涉及粒子异质聚集以制备新型复合材料的纳米制造工艺在基础科学和更多应用学科中得到广泛应用。在这样的过程中，由于各种来源的粒子间力的存在，稳定的粒子分散体被混合并形成所需的结构，这可以通过执行适当的表面功能化以及改变实验条件来调整。这些复合材料广泛应用于从传感到催化到生物医学递送的不同领域。本综述总结了该领域的最新进展，包括关于粒子异质聚集的基本原理、不同形态的异质聚集结构的制备策略以及所获得的杂化复合材料的应用的新发现。