The new global biodiversity framework (GBF) being developed under the Convention on Biological Diversity must drive action to reverse the ongoing decline of the Earth's biodiversity. Explicit, measurable goals that specify the outcomes we want to achieve are needed to set the course for this action. However, the current draft goals and targets fail to set out these clear outcomes. We argue that distinct outcome goals for species, ecosystems, and genetic diversity are essential and should specify net outcomes required for each. Net outcome goals such as “no net loss” do, however, have a controversial history, and loose specification can lead to perverse outcomes. We outline seven general principles to underpin net outcome goal setting that minimize risk of such perverse outcomes. Finally, we recommend inclusion of statements of impact in action targets that support biodiversity goals, and we illustrate the importance of this with an example from the draft GBF action targets. These modifications would help reveal the specific contribution each action would make to achieving the outcome goals and provide clarity on whether the successful achievement of action targets would be adequate to achieve the outcome goals and, in turn, the 2050 vision: living in harmony with nature.

中文翻译：

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制定强有力的生物多样性目标

根据《生物多样性公约》制定的新的全球生物多样性框架 (GBF) 必须推动采取行动，扭转地球生物多样性持续下降的趋势。需要明确的、可衡量的目标来指定我们想要实现的结果，以便为这一行动设定路线。然而，目前的草案目标和目标并没有列出这些明确的结果。我们认为，物种、生态系统和遗传多样性的不同结果目标是必不可少的，并且应该指定每个目标所需的净结果。然而，诸如“无净损失”之类的净结果目标确实有一段有争议的历史，而松散的规范可能会导致不正当的结果。我们概述了七项一般原则，以支持净结果目标设定，以最大限度地降低此类不良结果的风险。最后，我们建议在支持生物多样性目标的行动目标中加入影响声明，我们用 GBF 行动目标草案中的一个例子来说明这一点的重要性。这些修改将有助于揭示每项行动对实现成果目标的具体贡献，并明确行动目标的成功实现是否足以实现成果目标，进而实现 2050 年愿景：与自然和谐相处。