Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of feeding rice gluten meal (RGM) as an alternative protein source along with protease enzyme supplementation on growth performance, expression of nutrient transporter genes, nutrient digestibility, immune response and gut histomorphometry of broiler chicken. Proximate analysis of RGM revealed 923 g dry matter (DM), 500 g crude protein (CP), 69.2 g ether extract, 94.7 g crude fiber, 215.4 g nitrogen-free extract, 43.7 g ash, 6.20 g calcium, 7.80 g total phosphorus, 18.99 MJ gross energy and 12.68 MJ metabolizable energy per kg diet. Significant upregulation of nutrient transporter genes (PepT1, EAAT3 and mucin) and better growth performance was observed in the birds fed control diet which was statistically similar to the birds fed 150 g RGM compared to birds fed higher RGM levels. Histomorphometry of jejunum, nutrient digestibility, and immune response of birds did not reveal any significant effect of RGM or protease enzyme supplementation. However, the inclusion of RGM up to 150 g/kg diet resulted in significant decline of feed cost/kg live weight gain, dressed meat yield and eviscerated meat yield by 13.13%, 12.99% and 13.36%, respectively compared to control. Thus, it was concluded that the inclusion of 150 g RGM/kg diet in broiler chicken ration has no adverse effects on the growth pattern of birds and can be used for least-cost feed formulation for chicken.

摘要

本研究的目的是研究饲喂作为替代蛋白质来源的米粉（RGM）以及蛋白酶补充剂对肉鸡生长性能、营养转运基因表达、营养消化率、免疫反应和肠道组织形态学的影响。RGM 的近似分析显示 923 g 干物质 (DM)、500 g 粗蛋白 (CP)、69.2 g 乙醚提取物、94.7 g 粗纤维、215.4 g 无氮提取物、43.7 g 灰分、6.20 g 钙、7.80 g 总磷, 18.99 MJ 总能量和 12.68 MJ 代谢能每公斤饮食。在饲喂对照日粮的鸡只中观察到营养转运蛋白基因（PepT1、EAAT3 和粘蛋白）的显着上调和更好的生长性能，与饲喂更高 RGM 水平的鸡只相比，饲喂 150 克 RGM 的鸡只在统计学上相似。空肠的组织形态学、养分消化率和鸟类的免疫反应未显示 RGM 或蛋白酶补充剂有任何显着影响。然而，与对照相比，添加高达 150 g/kg 日粮的 RGM 导致饲料成本/kg 活增重、加工肉产量和去内脏肉产量分别显着下降 13.13%、12.99% 和 13.36%。因此，可以得出结论，在肉鸡日粮中加入 150 g RGM/kg 日粮对鸟类的生长模式没有不利影响，可用于鸡的最低成本饲料配方。与对照相比，添加高达 150 g/kg RGM 的饲料成本/kg 活增重、加工肉产量和去内脏肉产量分别显着下降 13.13%、12.99% 和 13.36%。因此，可以得出结论，在肉鸡日粮中加入 150 g RGM/kg 日粮对鸟类的生长模式没有不利影响，可用于鸡的最低成本饲料配方。与对照相比，添加高达 150 g/kg RGM 的饲料成本/kg 活增重、加工肉产量和去内脏肉产量分别显着下降 13.13%、12.99% 和 13.36%。因此，可以得出结论，在肉鸡日粮中加入 150 g RGM/kg 日粮对鸟类的生长模式没有不利影响，可用于鸡的最低成本饲料配方。