With easier access to space and mega-constellation plans, tracking the resident space object (RSO) population becomes a greater challenge. Efficiently obtaining the maximum possible knowledge from each RSO observation is required for improved propagation and identification. Observability and estimability have been used to mathematically define which parameters of a dynamical system can be determined with certain measurement types and to interpret how well the states are or can be estimated relative to one another. This work analyzes both observability, in a deterministic and in a stochastic sense, and estimability as measures to judge either a priori or a posteriori estimation results. The system of interest in this work is an RSO orbit with object characteristic information.

随着更容易进入太空和大型星座计划，跟踪驻地太空物体 (RSO) 人口成为一个更大的挑战。为了改进传播和识别，需要从每个 RSO 观测中有效地获得尽可能多的知识。可观察性和可估计性已被用于数学定义动态系统的哪些参数可以用某些测量类型确定，并解释状态相对于彼此的估计或可以估计的程度。这项工作分析了确定性和随机性的可观察性，以及作为判断先验或后验估计结果的措施的可估计性。这项工作中感兴趣的系统是具有物体特征信息的 RSO 轨道。