Excessive fluoride intake has been reported in many studies, which can lead to diseases such as autism, mental retardation, low birth weight, reproductive disorder, as well as dental and bone fluorosis. The potential risk assessment of fluoride intake for the health of people living in Fars Province, Iran, is investigated. Hence, 1700 drinking water samples were taken from April 2018 to March 2020 in four seasons in 29 cities of Fars Province and were analyzed. Non-carcinogenic health risks of exposure to fluoride through drinking water were evaluated. Moreover, the spatial distribution maps of fluoride and hazard quotient (HQ) risk index were prepared using GIS software. The results showed that the concentration of fluoride in the drinking water of the studied area was in the range of 0.086 to 2.61 mg/L. Accordingly, in 48.27% of the cities, fluoride was in the range below the national and international standards, 34.48% of the cities were in the permissible range of 0.5 to 1.5 mg/L, and 17.24% of the urban areas of the province had fluoride contents above the permissible range. Hazard quotient index had the health risk of HQ > 1 in 27.58% of children, 17.24% of teenagers, and 10.34% of adults in the urban areas of Fars Province. In the cities with HQ > 1, there was risk of diseases associated with excessive fluoride intake. Therefore, it is necessary to replace water supply sources in these cities.

许多研究报告称，过量摄入氟化物会导致自闭症、智力低下、低出生体重、生殖障碍以及氟牙症和氟骨症等疾病。调查了氟化物摄入对伊朗法尔斯省居民健康的潜在风险评估。因此，从 2018 年 4 月到 2020 年 3 月，在法尔斯省 29 个城市的四个季节中采集了 1700 个饮用水样本并进行了分析。评估了通过饮用水接触氟化物的非致癌性健康风险。此外，利用GIS软件制作了氟化物空间分布图和危害商（HQ）风险指数。结果表明，研究区饮用水中氟化物的浓度在0.086～2.61 mg/L之间。因此，在 48.27% 的城市中，氟含量低于国家和国际标准，34.48%的城市在0.5～1.5mg/L的允许范围内，全省17.24%的城市氟含量在允许范围内。法尔斯省市区27.58%的儿童、17.24%的青少年和10.34%的成年人的HQ>1的危险商指数的健康风险。在 HQ > 1 的城市中，存在与过量氟化物摄入相关的疾病风险。因此，有必要对这些城市的供水源进行更换。法尔斯省市区27.58%的儿童、17.24%的青少年和10.34%的成年人的HQ>1的危险商指数的健康风险。在 HQ > 1 的城市中，存在与过量氟化物摄入相关的疾病风险。因此，有必要对这些城市的供水源进行更换。法尔斯省市区27.58%的儿童、17.24%的青少年和10.34%的成年人的HQ>1的危险商指数的健康风险。在 HQ > 1 的城市中，存在与过量氟化物摄入相关的疾病风险。因此，有必要对这些城市的供水源进行更换。