The excessive consumption of fossil energy caused an energy crisis and a series of environmental issues. Therefore, it is necessary to develop sustainable and clean energy sources. Electrocatalysts play an important role in the development of various new energy devices; in particular, high-efficiency and low-cost catalysts are essential for the large-scale application of these new devices. Among the many electrocatalysts, metal chalcogenides (sulfides, selenides, and tellurides) as emerging materials own abundant active sites and good electrical conductivity and are widely studied for their excellent electrocatalytic performances. This Perspective reviews the recent applications of metal chalcogenide materials in electrocatalysis, including hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and electrolyzing water and specifically summarizes different optimization strategies and catalytic reaction mechanisms. The several regulation strategies include heteroatom doping, phase engineering, heterostructures, and hybrid materials, which are capable of improving conductivity, increasing active site exposure, and reducing the energy barrier of catalytic reactions to enhanced electrocatalytic performances. In Sec. IV, the existing problems and future challenges are proposed for the improvement of catalytic performance of metal chalcogenide materials, which provide an insight into and valuable guidelines for the future development of high-efficiency and low-cost electrocatalysts for new energy devices.

中文翻译：

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金属硫属化物：一种新兴的电催化材料

化石能源的过度消耗引发了能源危机和一系列环境问题。因此，有必要发展可持续的清洁能源。电催化剂在各种新能源装置的发展中发挥着重要作用；尤其是高效、低成本的催化剂对于这些新装置的大规模应用至关重要。在许多电催化剂中，作为新兴材料的金属硫属元素化物（硫化物，硒化物和碲化物）具有丰富的活性位点和良好的导电性，并因其优异的电催化性能而被广泛研究。本视角回顾了金属硫属化物材料在电催化中的近期应用，包括析氢反应、析氧反应、和电解水，具体总结了不同的优化策略和催化反应机理。几种调控策略包括杂原子掺杂、相工程、异质结构和混合材料，它们能够提高电导率、增加活性位点暴露并降低催化反应的能垒以提高电催化性能。在秒。四、提出了金属硫属元素化物材料催化性能的提高存在的问题和未来的挑战，为未来开发用于新能源装置的高效低成本电催化剂提供了见解和有价值的指导。相工程，异质结构和杂化材料，它们能够提高电导率，增加活性位点暴露并减少催化反应的能垒，从而增强电催化性能。在秒。四、提出了金属硫属元素化物材料催化性能的提高存在的问题和未来的挑战，为未来开发用于新能源装置的高效低成本电催化剂提供了见解和有价值的指导。相工程、异质结构和混合材料，它们能够提高电导率、增加活性位点暴露并降低催化反应的能垒以提高电催化性能。在秒。四、提出了金属硫属元素化物材料催化性能的提高存在的问题和未来的挑战，为未来开发用于新能源装置的高效低成本电催化剂提供了见解和有价值的指导。